Ukusondeza omasipala abakhulu akuziphuculi izinto, kuloba uJabulani Sikhakhane
UBUKHULU bukamasipala bubalulekile kodwa ngezizathu ezihlukene. Omasipala abakhulu, ngokwendawo abanayo noma abantu abangaphansi kwabo, basesimweni esifanele ukuzakhela nokuziphathela izinhlelo ezidinga imali eningi okungaba ngeyamanzi nengqalasizinda yokuhambisa indle. Nokho uma bebakhulu babakude nezakhamuzi bese bengazihambisi kahle izidingo kubantu.
Igebe phakathi kwezakhamuzi nomasipala kuwo wonke amazinga kahulumeni, okubalwa elezifundazwe nelezwe likhona kodwa uhulumeni wasekhaya uthathwa ngokuthi usondele kwizakhamuzi. Uma umuntu ecabanga kabanzi ngaloku, omasipala babaluleke kakhulu ngoba kulapho intando yabantu ibonakala kakhulu kunamanye amazinga kahulumeni.
Kunento ebhalwe ngesinye isisebenzi seBhange lomHlaba lapho siyichaza kabanzi le ndaba. Sisebenzisa ucwaningo olwenziwe eDenmark, eBrazil naseNingizimu Afrika, uMnu u-Abhas K.Jhas uthi kunobufakazi obuveza ukuthi akusilo iqiniso ukuthi omasipala abakhulu bangcono. U-Abhas uyimenenja ye-Urban Development Disaster Risk Management kuleli bhange ophikweni olwengamele i-Afrika eseMpumalanga neseNingizimu.
“Sinokuzitshela ukuthi into enkulu ingcono. Omasipala abakhulu bayakwazi ukubanemali eningi. Uhulumeni ohlangene wenza izinto ngendlela efanele futhi kulula ukusebenzisana nawo nokuqapha okwenzeka kuwona. Uma omasipala basekhaya bengaphumeleli, kuvamise ukuvela isiphakamiso sokuthi abahlangane, basebenze ngendlela efanayo nokuthi banikwe amandla okuzisebenza.”
FUNDA NALAPHA: Usemningi umsebenzi ekuphuculeni indlela omasipala abaphatha imali ngayo – umcwaningimabhuku-jikelele
Uqhuba athi ukuzitshela ukuthi omasipala abakhulu bangcono kwenza ukuthi izinkinga zabo zibukeke zincane. Yingoba kufanele basebenze kahle kanti omasipala abakhulu abavamisile ukusebenza kahle. Lolu daba luyazitshwa uma kunezinkulumompikiswano.
Izidingo ezidla imali njengengqalasizinda yamanzi, eyokuhambisa indle, ezemisebenzi yomphakathi kufanele zihlomule ngobukhulu bukamasipala. Kucacile ukuthi kubanamapayipi amakhulu, ingqalazisinda enkulu noxhaxha lwezinhlelo zokuthenga izimpahla ezihambisana nemali eningi nabaphathi ababambisene. Kodwa imisebenzi edinga abantu abaningi okukhona kuyo amaphoyisa, ukuqoqa imfucuza, ezemfundo kuhamba kancane komasipala abancane noma ezifundeni ezincane. Imisebenzi edinga izisebenzi eziningi kulapho omasipala besebenzisa u-80% kuya ku-85% wemali yabo.
Ukuseka loku u-Abhas wenza isibonelo ngeBrazil eyahlukanisa omasipala abaningi phakathi kwango-1988 nango-2000, yasungula omasipala abancane ababengenamali.
Abaziyo babona loku sengathi kuzobayinhlekelele. Bathi omasipala abasha ngeke babenemali, bazophathwa yizikhondlakhondla zamadoda endawo futhi ngeke bakwazi ukuphatha izinkontileka zokuhambisa izidingo ngenxa yokungabinamava.
Nokho ukuhambisa izidingo kubantu kwaphucuka. Loku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthi izindawo ezikude ezazingaphansi komasipala abakhulu zanikwa igunya lokuzimela nokuzenzela izinto.
Ngokuka-Abhas, eNingizimu Afrika kunenkinga ehlukile. “Ngemva kwango-1994, iNingizimu Afrika yakha omasipala basekhaya abahlukile e-Afrika, abakhulu abanezindawo ezinkulu, kwakunezinkontileka zokusebenza ezibucayi, imithetho yokuthenga izimpahla, izivumelwano zokusebenzisana, ukubika ezigabeni ezihlukene zikahulumeni. Lolu hlelo lwalwenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ohulumeni basekhaya baphatheke kahle futhi bayaziphendulela ngezinqumo abazithathayo.”
Imiphumela kodwa yayisho okuhlukile. INingizimu Afrika manje “isinenkinga yokuphatha abacwaningi abathi yenziwe ngamabomu”. Inkinga eshiwo ngabacwaningi wukuthi izwe liswele izisebenzi ezinamakhono afanele komasipala. Emva kweminyaka engaphezu kwewu-20 izinhlelo zokulungisa isimo azitheli izithelo njengoba inkinga isekhona.
“Empeleni okuphazamisa isimo ezweni wukuthi omasipala basebenzisa imali eningi, izinsiza nezisebenzi beqinisekisa ukuthi balandela umthetho obacindezayo ngenxa yemicikilisho yawo. Imibiko ayifundwa muntu. Kuqashwa ongoti abacwaninga amabhuku abalandela umthetho kunokuxazulula izinkinga.”
Uthe ikhona inkinga yezisebenzi ezingenamakhono kodwa nayo yenziwa wukuthi omasipala banendlela eyodwa yokusebenza. Le ndlela eyodwa yokusebenza komasipala isithathe imicikilisho ekomasipala abakhulu yayiletha kwabancane abasekhaya okufanele ukuthi basebenze ngendlela elula.
U-Abhas uphetha ngokuthi uhulumeni wezwe uvamise ukuphendula ngezinselelo ezikuhulumeni wasekhaya ngokuqinisa isandla nokubeka eminye imibandela. Nokho ukwandisa imibandela akuholeli ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kukamasipala. Kwandisa izikhulu okufanele zibikelwe ngokusebenza kukamasipala kunokuphucula umsebenzi.
Kunesifundo okufanele sifundwe yiNingizimu Afrika njengoba ilungisela ukhetho lohulumeni basekhaya lwesikhombisa ngoNovemba futhi ibuyekeza ukwakheka komasipala.
