Usho lukhulu umbiko weBhange loMbuso ngezindlela zokukhokha kwabantu nabelungu, kuloba uJabulani Sikhakhane 

YINKULU indaba exoxwa wumbiko okhishwe iBhange loMbuso ngesonto elidlule ngezindlela ezisetshenziswa yizakhamuzi ukukhokha, phakathi kwazo okubalwa amakhadi asemabhange nokheshi.

Le ndaba umsuka wayo usemlandweni wokucindezelwa kwabantu bomdabu eNingizimu Afrika. Noma yaziwa kakhulu le ndaba, umbiko webhange uveza imininingwane ekubeka kucace ukuthi abendabuko basasilele ngokwenqubekela phambili, ikakhulukazi kwezomnotho.

Lo mbiko, ongowokuqala ukushicilelwa yiBhange loMbuso ususelwa emibuzweni ngezindlela zokukhokha nemiholo ebhekiswe emaqoqweni amabili ezakhamuzi ezikhethiwe. Lapha kukhulunywa ngokukhokhela impahla ezitolo nokuthumela imali ezihlotsheni nakubangani.

Ziningi-ke izindlela, futhi ziyanda unyaka nonyaka, ezingasetshenziselwa loku. Indlela endala wukukhokha ngemali yamaphepha noma ukheshi bese kubayikhadi lasebhange.

Ngenxa yokwanda kokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe, iyanda nemigudu yokukhokha yalolu hlobo, engadingi ukuthi umuntu abesesitolo ukukhokha futhi ayidingi ukuthi abantu bahlanganise amehlo ukuze banikane imali.

NgokweBhange loMbuso izinguquko ezinkulu zale minyaka nje ukwanda kokukhokha ngohlobo olwaziwa phecelezi ngama-mobile payment, ukuqedwa kwesheke nokungena kwezinkampani ezingewona amabhange.

Nezitolo eziwuxhaxha sezingenile kule mboni zivula indlela yokuthi abantu abangenama-akhawunti emabhange bakwazi ukukhokha. Sikhuluma nje, lezi zitolo zinezindlela zokukhokhela imishwalense, ezinye izikweletu nokuthumela imali kumuntu okwenye indawo.

Lo mbiko weBhange loMbuso ungowohlobo lokuqala lapho ibhange libuze izakhamuzi ukuthi zisebenzisa yiphi indlela. Leli bhange linemininingwane yeminyaka eliyithola ophikwe lwalo olubheke ukuhamba kwemali phakathi kwamabhange. Le mininingwane etholakala ngalolu hlobo kuningi engakuvezi, okungatholakala kuphela ngokubuza izakhamuzi.

Kweminye imininingwane evezwa wumbiko weBhange loMbuso igebe ngokwemiholo phakathi kwabantu bomdabu nezinye izinhlanga zaseNingizimu Afrika likhulu kakhulu phakathi kwabo nabelungu.

Abantu bomdabu abasequlwini lokuqala elibhekwe yibhange kutholakale ukuthi bahola imali elinganiselwa kuR11 238 ngenyanga, abelungu bahola uR34 840, amaNdiya ahole u-R18 354 kuthi amaKhaladi ahole uR13 382,.

Likhulu negebe uma likalwa ngamazinga emfundo. Abantu amazinga abo emfundo ahamba afikelele ku-Grade 10 (ngamanye amazwi abantu abangaphothulanga isikole) kutholakale ukuthi bahola uR7 377 ngenyanga. Abantu abaneziqu bahola uR28 514 ngenyanga. Abano-Grade 11-12  bahola uR12 753, kuthi abanama-diploma noma izitifiketi ezisezingeni elingaphezu kukaMatikuletsheni bahola uR21 517.

Le mininingwane ngemiholo ihambisana neminye ekhishwe yiStatistics South Africa (Stats SA) ngamathuba emisebenzi. EyeStats SA ikhomba ukuthi mahle amathuba okuthola umsebenzi ezweni uma umuntu efunde wedlula kuMatikuletsheni. Ngamanye amazwi, ingxenye enkulu yabantu abantula umsebenzi ngabantu abangaphothulanga isikole nabantu abangenamakhono, iningi labo okungabantu bomdabu.

Nasemkhakheni wabantu ababika ukuthi bathwele kanzima ngokwezimali, ingxenye enkulu ngabantu bomdabu. Abawu-41 kwikhulu labomdabu batshele ibhange ukuthi uyasinda umthwalo. Bawu-23 kwikhu labelungu abasho loku.

Ngokwamazinga emfundo ukhona umehluko, noma ungemkhulu kangako. Bawu-43 ekhulwini abanamazinga emfundo aphakathi kuka-0 no-Grade 10 abathe kunzima. Bawu-36 kwikhulu abantu abaneziqu abakhale ngesimo sezimali.

Uma kuhlukaniswa ngamazinga emiholo, yinkulu ingxenye yabahola kancane ekhale ngesimo sezimali, okuyinkomba yobunzima obudalwa yisivinini sokunyuka kwezindleko zempilo. Phakathi kwazo singabala ukudla nentengo kagesi nophethroli. Ekagesi isinyuke ngesivinini esingaphezulu kuka-600% phakathi kwango-2007 nango-2022.

Phakathi kwezindleko ezikhokhelwa yanga zonke ingxenye enkulu eyezidingo zekhaya, ikakhulukazi ukudla. Ukudla kuthatha u-26% wemali esetshenziswa inyanga nenyanga. Izindleko zezinto zokuthutha zidla u-12%. Izindleko zikamasipala (njengogesi namanzi) nezokuqasha indawo yokuhlala zithatha u-9% wezindleko zenyanga. Ama-selula ne-data kudla u-2%. 

Okuqavile wukuthi abantu abathenga i-data nge-app yebhange bathenga ngenani eliphezulu kunabathenga ngokheshi. Abathenga ngale ndlela yebhange bathenga ngoR136, kuthi abakheshi kube wuR58 ngasikhawu sinye. Nale mininingwane iyinkomba yegebe phakathi kwabantu uma behlukaniswa ngamazinga empilo, njengemiholo.

Njengoba uchaza umbiko weBhange loMbuso leli gebe lisho ukuthi abantu abathenga ngoR58 ngasikhawu sinye kufanele baphinde bathenge maduze. Libika ukuthi ukuthenga ngemali encane kungahambisana nephakathe lomuntu othengayo.

Ukusebenzisa ukheshi kwande kakhulu kubantu abahola kancane, iningi labo okungabantu bomdabu. Ukuhambisana kwengxenye enkulu yabomdabu abasebenzisa ukheshi kuchaza ukuthi yibona abasilele emuva kunezinye izinhlanga ngokwezomnotho.

Nasekusebenziseni ukheshi ukukhokha abantu bomdabu bahamba phambili ngamalengiso uma ngokwenani lezinkokhelo ezenziwayo. Uma kukalwa leli nani ngokwezimali, yehla kakhulu ingxenye yabamti bomdabu, okuchaza ukuthi abanamali etheni. 

Uma sibeka ngenye indlela, le mininingwane isho ukuthi bathenga kancane ngasikhathi sinye bese beloku bephindela esitolo.

Uma kukalwa amanani ezinkokhelo ezenziwa inyanga nenyanga, bahamba phambili abantu bomdabu ngo-59% wazo zonke izinkokhelo ezenziwa wumuntu ngamunye, kuthi abelungu babewu-35%. Uma loku kukalwa ngenani lemali, abantu bomdabu baku-21%, kuthi abelungu babeku-10%.

Ngokwemfundo, abanamazinga aphakathi kuka-0 no-Grade 10 banengxenye enkulu yezinkokhelo zabo ezisebenzisa ukheshi uma beqhathaniswa nabantu abaneziqu. Nasekusebenziseni ikhadi lemihlomulo yasesitolo, phecelezi i-loyalty card, bahamba phambili abantu bomdabu nabantu abanamazinga aphansi emfundo.

FUNDA NALAPHA: https://www.umbele.co.za/2024/09/04/ulwazi-ngesimo-sezakhamuzi-lusho-lukhulu-kuloba-ujabulani-sikhakhane/