Kuhle futhi kubi ukwanda kwabantu abadala eNingizimu Afrika, kuloba uJabulani Sikhakhane
UMBIKO omusha we-Statistics South Africa (iStats SA) ukhomba ukuthi bayanda abantu abaneminyaka ewu-60 nangaphezulu eNingizimu Afrika. Yinto enhle loku ngoba kuyimpumelelo ezweni uma abantu balo bephila isikhathi eside. Nokho kunezinkinga zakho, ikakhulukazi ngakwezempilo.
Kuleli sonto, iStats SA ibike ukuthi abantu basezweni abaneminyaka ewu-60 nangaphezulu ilinganiselwa ngaphezu kuka-6 million. Loku kusho ukuthi ingxenye yasebemnkantshubomvu ilinganiselwa ku-9.7% wabantu ezweni. Abantu abadala babelinganiselwa ku-3.3m ngo-2002, okwakuwu-7.2% wabantu ngalo wonyaka.
INingizimu Afrika iqala ukubala ubudala uma umuntu eseneminyaka ewu-60 kanti amanye amazwe aqala eminyakeni ewu-65. NeNhlangano yeZizwe isebenzisa u-65 njengesiqalo sokubala ubudala.
Ibalulekile imininingwane ngesibalo sabantu bezwe nokuhluka kwabo ngezigaba zeminyaka. Abaphathi bezwe bayisebenzisa ukuhlinzekela izidingo ezifana nezempilo, ezemfundo, izindlu, imigwaqo nokunye. Nezidingo eziphathelene nezomnotho, njengamathuba emisebenzi, zincike kuyo.
I-Stats SA ithe ukwanda kwabadala kusho ukuthi iNingizimu Afrika idinga imigomo nezinhlelo zokunakelela izidingo zabo. Zehlukile-ke izidingo zabadala kunezentsha.
Kunobufakazi emhlabeni-jikelele bokuthi abantu abadala yibona abaphathwa kakhulu yizifo ezingamahlalakhona kunabanye abantu. Lezi zifo zivame ukungelapheki (ngamanye amazwi azipheli),kodwa umuntu angaluthola usizo lokuthi zigobeke, zingadali umonakalo omkhulu emzimbeni. Phakathi kwalezifo ezibamba umuntu isikhathi eside singabala esikashukela, esenhliziyo, uhlangothi nomdlavuza.
Kwesinye isikhathi kuyenzeka umuntu abanjwe inhlanganisela yalezifo, okubizwa phecelezi nge-multimorbidity. Lokhu kudinga ubuchwepheshe obukhulu bezempilo ngoba ingxube yalezifo yenza ukwelapha isiguli kube into ephicayo nedinga kuxutshwe izindlela eziningi zokwelapha.
Lolu hlobo lwezifo lunezindleko ezinkulu zokwelapha njengoba isiguli sibuya siphindelela esibhedlela noma emtholampilo siyohlolwa, sithole namaphilisi noma imijovo. Lokhu kungaba into yeminyaka.
Okwesibili, ludinga ukuthi abasizi bezempilo babe abantu abakuqeqeshelwe ukubhekela izidingo zeziguli esezikhulile ngeminyaka. Ingxenye enkulu yabantu abadala kuleli ayinayo imishwalense ekhokhela izindleko zokuthola ezempilo kodokotela nezibhedlela ezizimele. Eminye imininingwane ikhomba ukuthi u-80% wabantu asebekhulile abanawo lomshwalense.
Nalapha mkhulu umehluko ngokobuhlanga. Bawu-75% abantu abadala babelungu abanomshwalense wezempilo. Kanti abamnyama bangaphezudlwana nje kuka-5%, okusho ukuthi abamnyama yibona abancike kakhulu kuhulumeni.
Nokho into eyaziwayo wukuthi eNingizimu Afrika ezempilo ezingaphansi kukahulumeni zinezinkinga. Singabala ukushoda kodokotela, amanesi, izindleko zokuthutha zokuya umuntu ephindelela esibhedlela noma esinye isikhungo sezempilo. Kwesinye isikihathi iziguli kudingeka zibuye ngelinye ilanga ngoba zifike imithi namaphilisi kungekho.
Amanesi nezinye izisebenzi kutholakala ukuthi azinawo amakhono okuphatha abantu asebekhulile ngendlela. Ukushoda kwezinhlobo zezinsiza eziqondene nezifo ezikhungethe abantu abadala kungenye yezingqinamba.
Uhlobo lwezifo ezingamahlalakhona zibuye zingene ngaphansi komkhakha wezifo ezingathathelani, phecelezi, non-communicable diseases, okuyizifo ezibhubhisayo emhlabeni wonke. I-World Health Organization (i-WHO) ibika ukuthi zibulala abantu abawu-4mn emhlabeni, okuwu-74% wabantu abafa ngonyaka.
Umbiko odidiyelwe yiStats SA ocwaninga ngalolu hlobo lwezifo owaphuma ngo-2023, wakhomba ukuthi eminyakeni ewu-20 (phakathi kwango-1997 nango-2018) lezi zifo zabulala abantu abawu-164 205 ngo-2018. Babewu-103 428 ngo-1997.
Iningi lalaba bantu laliphethwe yizifo eziphathelene nenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, umdlavuza, ushukela neziphathelene nobunzima bokuphefumula.
NgokweStats SA, lezi zifo zandiswa kakhulu ukwenyuka kwezinga labantu asebehlala emadolobheni, ukwanda kwabantu abahlalayo nje banganyakazisi umzimba, ukubhema nokwanda kwabantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile.
Abantu abamnyama yibona ababulawa yilezi zifo kakhulu, kulandele amaNdiya namaKhaladi. Kusetshenziswa isikali esiqhathanisa inani labantu ababulawa yilezifo nengxenye yabantu abangu-100 000. Bangaphezudlwana kuka-203 kwabawu-100 000 abamnyama ababulawa yilolu hlobo lwezifo. Kubelungu, bangaphezudlwana kuka-111 ku-100 000.
Kushukela, kubikwa ukuthi umehluko ngokobuhlanga ungadalwa futhi wukuthi kuvamile ukuthi kubantu abamnyama lesi sifo silandele umuntu abazali bakhe ababenaso. Nezinhlobo zokudla zinegalelo. Abantu abangenamandla atheni ngokwzimali bavame ukuthenga ukudla okushibhile osekuphekiwe okuba noshukela namafutha okumaningi.
Yibona futhi laba abancike kakhulu kwezempilo ezingaphansi kukahulumeni. Ngamanye amazwi, yibona abathwala kanzima ngezinkinga ezikhungethe ezezempilo zikahulumeni.
Umehluko kwizidingo zabantu abadala awugcini nje kuphela kwezempilo. Nakwezokuthutha zomphakathi badinga ukunakelelwa. Amabhasi nezitimela kufaele kubesesimweni lapho abadala bengagibela noma behle kalula ngenxa yoshintsho lwemizimba yabo. Okwesibili, abashayeli kumele baqaphele ukuthi babanika ithuba elanele lokugibela nokwehla.
Nezindawo zokuhamba ngezinyawo eceleni kwemigwaqo kufanele zihlelwe ngendlela ebheka izidingo zabo. Lezi zindawo akufuneki zibemigodigodi ngoba abantu abadala abasenawo amandla okuzivikela noma okushesha bavuke uma kwenzeka bekhubeka. Nesimo semizimba yabo senza kube nzima ukusheshe balulame uma belimele. Amathambo asethatha isikhathi eside ukuhluma.
Badinga futhi nokulungiselela impesheni, ikakhulukazi abamnyama okuyibona abancike kakhulu emalini abayithola kuhulumeni. Nezingane zabo nabazukulu kufanele benze ushintsho ezimpilweni zabo ukuze bakhokhele izidingo zabazali noma omkhulu nogogo.
FUNDA NALAPHA: https://www.umbele.co.za/2024/06/12/ziyabhubhisa-izifo-ezidalwa-yindlela-abantu-abaphila-ngayo-kuloba-ujabulani-sikhakhane/