Akumangazi okukhonjiswa wucwaningo ngesimo seNingizimu Afrika, kuloba uJabulani Sikhakhane
UCWANINGO lwezakhamuzi zamazwe awu-25, okubalwa kuwona amathathu ase-Afrika, luveza imininingwane emqoka ngokuthi izakhamuzi zala mazwe zisibona kanjani isimo sawo. Elinye lamazwe amathathu yiNingizimu Afrika. Lolu cwaningo luveza isimo sakuleli zwe, esingamangazi nokho uma kubhekwa okwenzeka ezweni.
Kulolu cwaningo bekubuzwa izakhamuzi ukuthi yini ezizigqaja ngayo ngezwe lazo bese zicelwa ukuthi zibale izinto ezenza izakhamuzi zizigqaje ngezwe lazo.
Izakhamuzi zibeke phambili izidingo ezihlinzekwa wuhulumeni zabalula izindlu, usizo lwezimali oluvela kuhulumeni (izibonelelo), izimpesheni namaphoyisa. Zibale nezemfundo, zibalula kakhulu ukuthi izingane zifunda mahhala. Kwezomnotho zibale ukuthi uhulumeni unikana umsebenzi. Bakhona nokho ababike ukuthi abanako ukuzigqaja ngeNingizimu Afrika.
Abacwaningi iPew Research Centre, yaseMelika, ithi uhla lwezakhamuzi zaseNingizimu Afrika luhlukile kunelamazwe awu-24 akulolu cwaningo. Izindlu nosizo lukahulumeni kubalwe kaningi yizakhamuzi zaseNingizimu Afrika kunezakwamanye amazwe.
Akumangazi loku. Ziwu-26.5 million izakhamuzi zakuleli zwe ezithola usizo lwemali kuhulumeni nyanga zonke, okuyingxenye ewu-42% yezakhamuzi ezingu-63m zakuleli zwe.
Iningi labantu abaxhaswa wuhulumeni abaneminyaka engaphansi kwewu-18, ababalelwa ku-12.6m kulo nyaka u-2026/27. Kulandele abahola isibonelelo esiwuR370 ngenyanga, bona abawu-8.2m. Bawu-4.3m abahola impesheni, kulandele abantu abakhubazekile (bangaphezudlwana kancane kwango-1m).
FUNDA NALAPHA: https://www.umbele.co.za/2025/10/22/iminyaka-emihlanu-yokuqala-iyisisekelo-sempumelelo-yakhe-kuloba-ujabulani-sikhakhane/
Sesinyuke kakhulu isibalo sabafundi abasezikoleni okungakhokhwa kuzona. Abafundi abakulezi zikole banyuka bafinyelela ku-65.7% ngo-2024, besuka ku-21.4% ngo-2007, ngokwemibiko yeStatistics South Africa.
Kuvele nokuthi zincane izakhamuzi ezizigqaja ngenqubo yepolitiki yokuphathwa kwaleli zwe. Ziwu-7% izakhamuzi ezibale lolu hlelo. Lubalwe ngabantu abawu-53% baseSweden, eJalimane (abawu-36%), eCanada (bawu-22%), e-United Kingdom (bawu-22) nabawu-9% baseKenya.
Ngabaholi bezwe, ziwu-4% izakhamuzi zaseNingizimu Afrika ezibalule loku, okuyisibalo esihambisana nesamanye amazwe awu-22, ngaphandle kweHungary (bawu-13%) naseMexico (bawu-11%). Wonke amanye amazwe, izakhamuzi ezibalule abaholi bezwe zibengaphansi kwango-10%.
Kwezemidlalo, ziwu-3% kuphela izakhamuzi zaseNingizimu Afrika ezibale lo mkhakha njengesinye sezizathu zokuzigqaja ngezwe. Kungabayinkomba yokungenami ngokudlala kweBafana Bafana; noma lolu cwaningo belwenziwe ngabalandeli beKaizer Chiefs (okungabantu abangeneme kakhulu ngeqembu labo).
Kwezobuciko namasiko, bawu-4% abantu bakuleli ababike ukuthi kukhona abazigqaja ngakho ngalo mkhakha, okuyisibalo esiphansi kakhulu uma siqhathaniswa nesiwu-38% (sase-Italy). Nokho lingaphezulu kwelaseMelika (eliwu-2%).
Bawu-1% kuphela abantu baseNingizimu Afrika ababike ukuthi ukudla kwezwe kungesinye sezizathu zokuzigqaja ngezwe labo. Bawu-18% abantu base-Italy, bawu-15% abaseFrance kwathi abaseMexico (abawu-15%) ababalule ukudla, okungamangazi ngoba la mazwe vele adume umhlaba wonke ngokudla.
Bawu-1% kuphela abantu baseNingizimu Afrika ababalule umlando wezwe. Akumangazi naloku ngoba leli zwe linomlando omude wokucindezelwa kwabantu abamnyama. Basesicongweni abantu abaseGreece (bawu37%), okungamangazi njengoba leli zwe laziwa njengesizinda lapho imbewu yemibono yentando yabantu isuka khona.
Iqoqo (eliwu-19%) labantu baseNingizimu Afrika ababike ukuthi abazigqaji ngezwe labo likhombe ubunzima kwezomnotho, labalula kakhulu ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi. Akumangazi loku, njengoba abantu abantula umsebenzi ezweni linyukile, lisuka ku-6.6m ngo-2019, lafinyilela ngaphezudlwana kwango-8m. Isibalo esikhulu sabantu abantula umsebenzi ngabomdabu (bawu7.4 million).
Isibalo esikhulu sabantu abantula umsebenzi eNingizimu Afrika siyinkomba yokuhluleka komnotho wezwe ukudala amathuba omsebenzi. Sekuneminyaka engaphezu kwewu-15% umnotho wezwe ukhula ngezinga eliphansi, elingenele izidingo zezwe; isikali esivame ukusetshenziswa ukuqhathanisa izinga lokukhula komnotho nelokwanda kwabantu. Okungenani, umnotho kufanele ukhule ngezinga elingaphezudlwana kwelokwanda kwabantu ezweni.
Esinye isikali esisetshenziswayo, esokukala amandla omnotho okudala amathuba emisebenzi, esiqhathanisa isibalo semisebenzi edalwayo nabantu bezwe abenza izisebenzi zezwe. Siphansi kakhulu, njengoba singaphezudlwana kwango-40%. Sicishe sibewu-60% eBrazil, izwe isimo salo kwezomnotho nentuthuko esicishe sifane neseNingizimu Afrika.
Umniningwane wocwaningo lwePew Research ongahambisana neminye eyenziwa kuleli zwe uphathelene namaphoyisa. I-Pew ibike ukuthi izakhamuzi zaseNingizimu Afrika ebike ukuthi iyazigqaja ngezwe layo ngenxa nosizo lukahulumeni elutholayo, yabalule namaphoyisa.
Loku akuhambisani nocwaningo i-Social Attitudes Survey, olwenziwa yiHuman Sciences Research Council. Lukhomba ukuthi ukuthenjwa kwamaphoyisa sekuneminyaka kwehla. Zibewu-47% izakhamuzi ezibike ukuthi ziyawethemba amaphoyisa ngo-1999.
Lesi sibalo sehle saze safinyelela ku-22% ngo-2024. Ziningi izizathu zaloku, okubalwa kuzona isigameko saseMarikana, izibhelu zaKwaZulu-Natali ngo-July 2021 nokwanda kwezinsolo ngenkohlakalo yamaphoyisa.
