Imali yezwe ayipheli ngeyamaphepha kuphela, kuloba uJabulani Sikhakhane
UMA kukhulunywa ngemali abantu abaningi bangacabanga ukuthi kushiwo imali yamaphepha kuphela nenkece (uhlweza). Loku kwakuyiqiniso endulo.
Namuhla kukhulunywa kakhulu ngento engaphathwa ngesandla. Uhlobo lwemali okuyiyona eliyingxenye enkulu yemali esetshenziswa eNingizimu Afrika nakwamanye amazwe wuhlobo olubizwa ngokuthi phecelezi, yi-electronic money, olungaphathwa ngesandla.
Imali yamaphepha, njengenekhanda likaMandela, ibalelwa kuR180 billion ngokwemininingwane ekhiswa yiBhange lomBuso. Lena yimali yamaphepha (oR10, oR20, oR50, oR100 noR200) nohlweza esabalele nesebenza ezweni.
Kuzokhumbuleka ukuthi iBhange lomBuso yilona kuphela elinegunya lokugaya imali yamaphepha nokukhiqiza uhlweza.
IBhange lomBuso lithi linezikhungo zemali ezintathu – eGoli, eThekwini naseKapa – lapho ligcina khona imali yamaphepha nohlweza. Yikulezi zikhungo lapho amabhange azimele elanda khona lolu hlobo lwemali, ngokwezidingo zawo, njengokugcwalisa ama-ATM noma ukwenza ukuthi amagatsha ahlale enemali eyanele izidingo zamakhasimende asangena ngaphakathi emabhange. Amabhange asebenzisa izinkampani ezizimele zonogada.
IBhange lomBuso lihlale linemali yamaphepha engaphezu kwezidingo zezwe. Zimbili izizathu zaloku.
Esokuqala wukuthi mihla namalanga kunemali yamaphepha esineminyaka isetshenziswa okufanele “ithathe umhlalaphansi” ngoba amaphepha ayo eseshwabene kakhulu. Le mali ibuyiselwa emuva eBhange lomBuso ukuze iqedwe.
Amabhange azimele abe esethola imali yamaphepha elingana nalelo alilethile lemali esigugile. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi kuhlale kunemali yamaphepha eyenele izidingo zezwe ngezikhathi zonke.
Esesibili isizathu wukuthi kufanele kuhlale kunesitoko esingakwazi ukumelana nezidingo zezwe uma kwenzeka kubanezinkinga, njengokuthi uma imishini yokugaya imali yamaphepha iquleka. Amanye amabhange amazwe asayina izinkontileka nezinkampani ezigaya imali zakwamanye amazwe.
Lezi zinkontileka kubangezokuthi lezi zinkampani zigaye enye imali esetshenziswa ezweni, okungabawu-10%. Loku kwenza ukuthi lezi zinkampani zibenelungelo lokugaya imali yamaphepha yakulelo zwe ukuze uma ibhange lalelo zwe libanezinkinga kuyovele kubelula ukuthi lezi zinkampani zinyuse umkhiqizo wazo ukuze zivale leso sikhala. Ikhono lokugaya imali yamaphepha esezingeni elifanele lithatha isikhathi.
FUNDA NALAPHA: https://www.umbele.co.za/2026/06/10/kungani-ibhange-lombuso-linyusa-imalimboleko-kuloba-ujabulani-sikhakhane/
ENingizimu Afrika nakwamanye amazwe imali yamaphepha newuhlweza iyingxenye encane yemali yonkana esetshenziswa ezweni. Imali yonkana esetshenziswa kuleli zwe ibalelwa ngaphansana kwango-R6 trillion ngonyaka, okuwu-74% wesikali somkhiqizo womnotho wezwe.
Ngamanye amazwi imali yamaphepha nohlweza esetshenziswa ezweni (iwuR180bn) iwu-3-4% wemali yonkana esetshenziswa ezweni. Kunomehluko obalulekile ngalezi zinhlobo zemali – eyamaphepha neyohlweza nemali engaphathwa ngesandla.
Njengoba ngishilo, imali yamaphepha newuhlweza yenziwa yiBhange lomBuso lilandela izidingo zalolu hlobo lwemali, ikakhulu kwizakhamuzi. Namuhla imali yamaphepha isetshenziswa kakhulu abantu abahola kancane, abahluphekayo, kanti futhi ivame emabhizinisini amancane nahwebela emigwaqweni. Namabhizinisi amakhulu, ikakhulu izitolo, asayisebenzisa le mali njengoba kusenabathengi abayisebenzisayo.
Nokho amabhinizisi amaningi aphezu kwemizamo yokwehlisa ukusebenzisa imali yamaphepha nohlweza. Namabhange azimele ngokunjalo aphezu kwalo mkhankaso. Isizathu esikhulu wukuthi ukusebenzisa imali yamaphepha newuhlweza kunezindleko.
Isitolo kufanele sibale le mali njalo ekupheleni kosuku, siyithumele ebhange laso noma sisebenzise inkampani yonogada eyenza lo msebenzi. Nebhange elizimele linezindleko; kufanele lihlale linemali yamaphepha newuhlweza emagatsheni alo noma kufanele libenezinhlelo zokugcwalisa ama-ATM ukuze limelane nezidingo zamakhasimende alo.
Ukuthutha le mali kuhambisana nezinkinga zokubanjwa kwezimoto ezithwala imali inkunzi. Okunye wukuthi imali yamaphepha idinga ukuhlungwa ngaso sonke isikhathi, kuhlukaniswe osekufanele ithathe umhlalaphansi, ibuyiselwe emuva eBhange loMbuso.
Imali engaphathwa ngesandla yona ikhiqizwa amabhange azimele. Uma ibhange liboleka umuntu noma inkampani imali, lifaka leyo mali kwi-akhawunti yakhe. Loku kudala imali entsha. Uma obeboleke imali ebhange eseyikhokha yonke, iyehla imali esetshenziswa ezweni.
Enye yale mali idaleka ngesidingo sokuthi amabhange azimele kufanele nawo abene-akhawunti eBhange lomBuso lapho eyigcina khona okuthiwa ama-bank reserve (okungafanele aphanjaniswe nohlobo olubizwa ngama-foreign exchange reserve.
Njalo uma kushona ilanga amabhange azimele asebenzisa lama-akhawunti ukukhokhelana. Isidingo sokukhokhelana sidalwa ngamakhasimende. Uma ikhasimende lebhange A likhokha elebhange B”, ibhange A lisebenzisa imali “eliyibeke” eBhange lomBuso ukwenza lo msebenzi.
Okubalulekile lapha ukuthi amabhange azimele awazikhiqizeli imali engebanjwe ngezandla ngokuthanda. Okokuqala kufanele abolekise ngemali ngendlela ewangenisela inzuzo futhi ebheke ukusimama kwawo nokuthi angangeni engozini yokuqumbeka phansi uma ababoleke imali sebehluleka ngobuningi ukuyikhokha.
Okwesibili, ukubolekisa ngemali kuncike ezingeni lenzalo elinqunywa yikomiti elinquma imalimboleko iMonetary Policy Committee, elihlangana kasithupha ngonyaka. Okwamanje izinga lenzalo enqunywe yileli komiti iwu-7.0%. Leli izinga lenzalo iBhange lomBuso eliyikhokhisa amabhange azimele uma eboleka imali kulona ukuze akhokhelane wodwa (njengoba sichazile ngenhla).
Uma iBhange lomBuso linyusa izinga lenzalo, linyusa izindleko zamabhange azimele zokuboleka imali, okwenza la mabhange anyuse izinga lenzalo alikhokhisa ababoleka imali kuwona.
Ukunyusa izinga lenzalo kunyusa izindleko zabantu nezinkampani zokuboleka imali, okugcina ngokwehlisa isidingo semali ebolekwayo ezweni.