Ukuphatha ibhange kufana nokuphatha izikhali zenuzi, kuloba uJabulani Sikhakhane
LUSEMATHENI udaba lwebhange elaqunjwa phansi ngabaphathi balo ngo-2018, iVBS Mutual Bank. Leli bhange lagcina livaliwe ngemva kokuthi abaphathi balo bezitamuzele imali ebekwe kulo bebambisene nabangani babo nosomabhizinisi.
Udaba lweVBS luyisikhumbuzo sokuthi ibhange lifana nezikhali zenuzi. Akumele liphathwe noma yikanjani kanti futhi noma wubani. Bubalulekile ubuqotho babaphathi bebhange.
Ibhange lehlukile kwezinye izinhlobo zezinkampani. Ukuvula isitolo akudingi ilayisensi nokuthi abaphathi abakhulu bebhizinisi kubengabantu abavunywe yiziphathimandla ezikhipha imvume.
Ofuna ukusungula ibhange kumele athole ilayisensi ophikweni lweBhange loMbuso iPrudential Authority, okuwumqansa ongenakumelwa yizimbongolo eziningi. Lo mqansa uxube isamba semali okudingeka ukuthi ofuna ukusungula ibhange abenayo.
Asingadukiswa yizinkulumo zabanezinhloso zabo ezibheke eceleni. Lo mqansa awuyona into embi. Isizathu ukuthi ibhange liphatha izimali zabantu. Abantu babeka izimali ebhange okwesikhashana, besalindele ukukhokha izikweletu nezinye izindleko zabo zemihla. Babeka nemali abazoyidinga ezinyangeni noma eminyakeni ezayo.
Bakwenza loku ngoba benethemba lokuthi uma bengena ebhange bazoyithola imali yabo, njengokwesivumelwano. Ngamanye amazwi isisekelo esikhulu sokusebenza kwebhange yithemba amakhasimende ebhange analo lokuthi azoyithola imali yabo ngesikhathi ayidinga ngaso, ngeke bangene ebhange batshelwe ukuthi abobuye babuye ngelinye ilanga ngoba ibhange lisaxakekile.
Leli themba liyisisekelo esibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwamabhange ngoba uma seliphelile ayawa bhu. Asichaze isizathu saloku. Ibhange lisebenza ngokuthatha imali kwababeka imali bese libolekisa ngayo kwabayidingayo. Ezincwadini zezimali zebhange imali ebekiwe kulo ibhalwa ohlangothini lwezikweletu, phecelezi ama-liability, ngoba ibhange kufanele liyibuyise. Eliyiboleke abantu, izinkampani noma uhulumeni ibhalwe ngasohlangothi lwezinto ezingenisa inzuzo, phecelezi ama-asset. Yingoba abayibolekile kufanele bayikhokhe le mali nenzuzo yayo ngesikhathi okuvunyelwene ngaso.
Ababoleka imali ebhange basuke befuna ukuthenga izimoto, amaloli noma amabhasi, umuzi, ukusungula noma ukukhulisa amabhizinisi.
Ukubolekisa ngemali yalolu hlobo kusho ukuthi ibhange kufanele liphenye kabanzi ngamandla omuntu ofake isicelo sokuboleka imali, hhayi awanamuhla nje kuphela, nawangesikhathi esizayo futhi.
Lawa ngamandla okukhokha le mali njengokwesivumelwano. Yingakho nje amabhange evame ukubonelela abantu abaneziqu zemfundo ephakeme. Yingoba bathathwa njengabantu abanethuba elihle lokuthola umsebenzi nemiholo yabo iyakhuphuka.
Aphinde abheke irekhodi lomuntu lokukhokha izikweletu. Kwezezimali kunetemu elibizwa phecelezi ngokuthi willingness to pay, elichaza ukuzimisela komuntu ukukhokha imali ayikweletayo. Kubalulekile loku ngoba kunabantu okusegazini kubona ukungakhokhi izikweletu, hhayi ngoba bengenawo amandla. Yisifo sabo.
Kunesife nokho endleleni amabhange asebenza ngayo. Abantu ababoleka imali badinga isikhathi eside sokuyibuyisa kanti abayibekayo bayidinga masinyane.
Umuntu othenga umuzi udinga iminyaka ewu-20 ukubuyisa le mali nenzalo yayo ngenyanga. Obeka imali ebhange angayidinga nakusasa noma avumelane nebhange ngesikhathi okufanele asinike ibhange uma eseyidinga.
Loku kusho ukuthi ibhange kufanele lihlale linezimali ezingenayo ezizobekwa kulona ngabantu nezinkampani ukuze likwazi ukumelana nokukhokhela labo asebefuna eyabo, liphinde liqhubeke nomsebenzi wokubolekisa ngemali. Ngakho ukuze liqhubeke nokungenisa imali ibhange kufanele lihlale lithenjiwe izakhamuzi ezweni.
Loku kuthenjwa akukhona nje okwebhange elilodwa. Abantu kufanele bahlalele ethembeni lokuthi akukho okukhokhobela amabhange wonkana.
Amahemuhemu ngesimo sezimali ebhange elilodwa kungethusa ababeke izimali nakwamanye amabhange, badle phansi beyokhipha izimali zabo. Loku kunomlando kwamanye amazwe okuwisa amabhange ezwe.
Uma bonke ababeke imali ebhange befika ngesikhathi esisodwa bezofuna okungokwabo ngeke ibhange lakwazi ukubakhokhela bonke kanyekanye. Kunetemu laloku. Kubizwa nge-liquidity crisis.
Kunendlela yesibili ibhange elingawa ngayo. Lingawa uma izikweletu zebhange, okuyimali ibhange okufanele liyibuyisele kubanikazi bayo, sezidlula imali elenza inzuzo ngayo. Kunetemu laloku, phecelezi, i-insolvency.
Zombili lezi zindlela zokuwa kwebhange zinomsuka owodwa – endleleni eliphathwa ngayo. Loku kusho abantu abalengamele, okuyizikhulu eziliphethe nsuku zonke nebhodi yabaqondisi.
Okungenisela ibhange imali kubayinkinga uma ababoleke imali bengakhokhi izikweletu zabo noma uma amabhizinisi ewa. Njengoba kwenzeka eVBS, abanye ababoleka imali ebhange basuke bengenanhloso yokuyikhokha, noma “bayiboleka” ngokungalandeli izindlela ezifanele. Kuloku basuke besebenzisana nezikhulu zebhange, nazo ezihlomulayo ngaloku.
Ukuphuma kwemali ebhange ngale ndlela kwenza lisale lingasenawo amandla okukhokhela ababeka imali. Yiloku okwenzeka eVBS, kwatonyulwa izimali ezazibekwe womasipala, ikakhulukazi baseLimpopo, nabantu nje. Lezi zimali zangena ezikhwameni zezikhulu zebhange nabangani bazo. Kwahlomula nabantu bepolitiki kuloku, kwathi amaqembu athola izimali zokuxhaswa.
Ekugcineni, ababeka imali eVBS babuyiselwa isamba esiwuR100 000 umuntu ngamunye. Loku kwasho ukuthi ababebeke ngaphezulu kwalesi samba, phakathi kwabo okunomasipala, balahlekelwa yimali yabo.
Okwenzeka eVBS kuyisikhumbuzo sokuthi imvume yokusungula ibhange akufanele inikwe noma wubani.
Okunye wukuthi akufanele kuvunyelwe noma wubani ukuphatha ibhange noma abeyilungu lebhodi yabaqondisi. Yizikhali zenuzi lezi. Ziyabhubhisa uma ziphethwe ngabantu abangekho qotho.
FUNDA NALAPHA: https://www.umbele.co.za/2024/06/27/isizohlale-ivikelekile-imali-ebhange-ngenxa-yecodi-isikhulu/