Abantu abawongeli umhlalaphansi – ucwaningo
WUSLINDILE KHANYILE noTHOBILE ZWANE
BAWU-48% abantu baseNingizimu Afrika abangenayo nhlobo imali abayongayo ukulungiselela umhlalaphansi. Kanti kubona abawu-50% abanawo iningi ngeke libenemali eyanele uma sekufike leso sikhathi.
Loku kuvezwe wucwaningo olubheka imihlalaphansi i-FNB Retirement Survey lwango-2024 olwethulwe yileli bhange eThekwini, KwaZulu-Natali, izolo.
Lolu cwaningo olukhulume nabantu abawu-1 000 abasemazingeni ehlukene empilo lubheke abantu abaneminyaka engaphansi kwewu-60, abangaphezu kwewu-60 nalabo asebethathe umhlalaphansi.
Lolu cwaningo okuwunyaka wesibili lwenziwa luveze ukuthi abantu abaningi abangakuhleleli ukuthatha umhlalaphansi yilabo abasemazingeni aphansi nokudalwa wukuswela ulwazi kanjalo nokungabi nayo imali eyenele emholweni wabo ukuthi kube khona abayongayo.
Inhloko ye-Product Development e-FNB Wealth and Investment uMnu uSamukelo Zwane uthe u52% wabantu abakhulume nabo uveze ukuthi imali yawo isebenza kakhulu ekubhekeni izidingo ezifana nokudla, ukugibela nendawo yokuhlala njengoba u-60% wemali yabantu abahola kancane uphelela kulezi zinto.
Uthe laba bantu futhi yibona abaxakwe nayizikweletu, ikakhulukazi lezo ezinenzalo enkulu.
“Ulwazi lwezimali noma ukungabinalo nhlobo kuyaqhubeka nokuba yinkinga. U-21% wabantu awunalo ulwazi ngokuthatha umhlalaphansi, ukuthola izeluleko kuyabiza futhi kokunye kubhalwe ngendlela okungelula ukuthi bayiqonde. Ulwazi luyaqhubeka lutholwe yilabo abasemazingeni aphezulu,” kusho yena.
Kulaba bantu u-50% okongelayo ukuthatha umhlalaphansi, u-25% kubona awunasiqiniseko ngecebo labo ukuthi lanele yini, kuthi u-75% ukholwa wukuthi wenza okufanele ukuze ungahlupheki uma usuthatha umhlalaphansi. Nokho leli bhange lithe ukuzithemba kwabo bakusho ngoba bengaqondi kahle ukuthi izinto zisebenza kanjani.
“Abantu abasemazingeni aphezulu abongayo babeka okungenani u-12%. Omunye wabuza ukuthi yimalini imali eyanele ukubekela umhlalaphansi. Imali eyanele uma sithatha ngokuthi uzokonga iminyaka ewu-40 ngaphambi kokuya empeshenini ezobe ikhula ngokuhambisana namandla emali no-3% ngaphezulu, kufanele u-15% womholo wakho (kungakabanjwa lutho) uwubekele impesheni.
“Siye sithi kufanele ukwazi ukuhola okungenani u-75% womholo wakho wokugcina uma ususempeshenini ukuze uqhubeke uphile le mpilo entofontofo futhi oyijwayele, ngakho uyabona ukuthi ngisho nalabo abasemazingeni aphezulu, abongi ngokwanele. Uma uphuzile ukuqala ukonga, kusho ukuthi kufanele ubeke ngisho ngaphezu kwalo-15% esikhuluma ngawo,” kwengeza uZwane.
UZwane uthi nabantu abacabanga ukuthi bayilungiselele kahle impesheni bayazikhohlisa
UMnu uBheki Mkhize, isikhulu esiphezulu se-FNB Wealth and Investment, uthe izinhlelo abantu abanazo ngokuthi bazomisa kanjani uma sebethathe umhlaphansi ziyahluka kuye nokuthi umuntu uneminyaka emingaki kanjalo nokuthi ukuliphi izinga empilweni.
“Kukhona abathi bazoqala amabhizinisi uma sebethathe umhlalaphansi. Okunye esikubonayo wukuthi abanye baqala eminye imisebenzi uma sebesempeshenini kanti abanye bathi bazothembela emindenini yabo, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni zabo.
“Esikubonayo-ke ngalaba abathi bazonakekelwa yizingane zabo wukuthi kubhebhezela lokhu okubizwa nge-sandwich generation okuyizingane ezikhulile ezinakekela abazali bazo. Ukhumbule ukuthi lezo zingane zisuke nazo sezinezingane zazo, okusho ukuthi yinto egcina ingapheli,” kusho yena.
UMkhize wengeze ukuthi esinye isizathu esikhulu sokuthi abantu bangakwazi ukonga wukuthi umnotho waseNingizimu Afrika usunesikhathi udonsa kanzima. Uthe yize zikhona izimpawu zokuthi izinto zibangcono uma kubhekwa umonakalo owenzeka ngesikhathi se-COVID-19 kodwa izinto zisenzima.
Bawu-2 million abantu abaphelelwa yimisebenzi ngesikhathi kuhlasele lolu bhubhane ngo-2020 kuya ngo-2021. I-Statistics South Africa yaveza ukuthi isibalo sabantu abangasebenzi ngekota yokuqala yango-2024 simi ku-32.9% kanti lesi sibalo singaphezu kuka-40% uma kusetshenziswa leso esibuka ngeso elibanzi.
Imalimboleko imi ku-8.25%, kuthi inzalo amabhange abolekisa ngayo imali yona iku-11.75% nokwengeza ingcindezi kubathengi. Ukwehla kwamandla emali kwengezile njengoba futhi kunomphumela nasemananini okudla.
UMkhize uthe kukhona izinto abazethulayo ukuzama ukulungisa isimo nokuthi amakhasimende asizakale.
“Indlela esiluleka ngayo amakhasimende isishintshile njengoba umuntu sizama ukuthi simluleke ngendlela ebuka sonke isimo sakhe sezimali ukuze enze izinqumo ezifanele. Sandisa nesibalo sabeluleki bezimali emagatsheni ethu futhi sizozama nokuthi indlela esikhuluma ngayo nabantu kubeyindlela abazoyiqonda,” kusho yena.
Esinye isizathu esinesandla ekutheni abantu bangabinemali eyanele uma sebesempeshenini wukuthi bayayithatha imali yabo uma beshintsha umsebenzi, okuyinto ezoshintsha kusukela ngoSepthemba njengoba kuzoqala kusebenze i-two-pot retirement system ezophoqa ukuthi abantu babeke ingxenye enkulu yempesheni yabo esikhwameni sokonga kuze kufike isikhathi sokuthi baye empeshenini.
“Uma siqhathanisa amazwe okuwukuthi abantu bawo bakulungiselela kangcono ukuya empeshenini, enye yezinto esizibonayo wukuthi kukhona imithetho efana nokuthi zonke izinkampani ziyaphoqwa ukuthi zithathele izisebenzi zazo impesheni, okuyinto engekho lapha eNingizimu Afrika. Nokho, sikholwa wukuthi ukuthula i-two-pot retirement system kuzokwenza umehluko omkhulu ngoba abantu sebezophoqwa ukuthi bayibekele impesheni ngisho beshintsha umsebenzi,” kusho uZwane.