Umdonsiswano nge-VAT uyinkomba yokuthi kuza isikhathi lapho izakhamuzi zingeke zazi ngezimali, kuloba uJabulani Sikhakhane

UKUSUNGULA uHulumeni woBumbano ngonyaka odlule nesiphakamiso sikangqongqoshe womNyango weziMali sokunyusa intela yezimpahla i-value added tax (i-VAT) sekuvulele iPhalamende ithuba lokuqala ngqa lokusebenzisa igunya lalo leminyaka.

IPhalamende linegunya lokwenza ushintsho kwiSabelomali, okuyigunya elalithola ngo-2009 ngesikhathi owayewumengameli wezwe uMnu uJacob Zuma esayina umthetho i-Money Bills Act. Lo mthetho waphinde washiciyelwa ngo-2018 emva kokuthatha izintambo zombuso kukamengameli uMnu uCyril Ramaphosa.

I-Money Bills yizo zonke iziphakamiso eziphathelene nokuqoqa imali kwizakhamuzi okwenziwa wuhulumeni. Ungqongqoshe womNyango weziMali kuphela ogunyazwe umthethosisekelo wezwe ukuthula lolu hlobo lwemithetho ePhalamende.

Ngaphambi kokuphasisa lo mthetho ngo-2009, iPhalamende lalingavunyelwe ukwenza izinguquko kwiSabelomali. Lalinegunya lokusiphasisa kuphela uma sesithulwe wungqongqoshe noma lisiphindisele emuva.

Lo mthetho ugunyaza iPhalamende ukuthi lishintshe uhlaka lweSabelomali. Lubalulekile lolu hlaka ngoba yilona olubeka izinhlelo, indlela yenqubo, imigomo nezinye izimiso eziphathelene nokwenziwa kweSabelomali. Lingashintsha futhi nokwabiwa kwezimali.

Kuzobe kuqala ngqa ukuthi lithole leli thuba, elivulwe yizinguquko kwezepolitiki ezalethwa wukuhluleka kwe-ANC okhethweni ngo-2024, ebisibuse iminyaka ewu-30, ukuthi ithole izihlalo ezizoyivumela ukuthi iphathe yodwa ePhalamende.

Yaphoqeka ukuthi iphathe ngokubambisana namanye amaqembu aholwa yiDA, enamalungu angaphezu kwawu-20% ePhalamende. 

FUNDA NALAPHA: https://www.umbele.co.za/2025/03/12/intela-yezimpahla-eyamisa-isabelomali-igcine-inyukile/

Noma kujwayelekile kwamanye amazwe ukuthi iPhalamende lenze izinguquko kwiSabelomali, iPhalamende lakuleli zwe alikaze lilisebenzise leli gunya lalo. Kwamanye amazwe kuvame ukuthi iPhalamende lihlephule kwiSabelomali sezempi, labele ezempilo noma ezemfundo.

ENingizimu Afrika umbango omkhulu ungesiphakamiso sikaGodongwana, sophikelela ngokunyusa i-VAT. Waphoqeka ngoFebhuwari ukuthi ahlehlise ukwethula ISabelomali ngoba engatholanga ukwesekwa yikhabinethi ngesiphakamiso sakhe sokwenyusa i-VAT isuka ku-15%, iya  ku-17%.

Izolo ubuye nesiphakamiso sokunyusa i-VAT ifinyelele ku-16%, ahlongoza ukuthi kwenziwe ngezigaba ezimbili, kulo nyaka nangozayo. Njengoba loku kuzosho ukuthi uzothola imali encane kunabeyifuna, uhlephule nasemalini abephakamise ukuthi kunyuselwe ngayo ezinye izinhlelo zikahulumeni, ikakhulu okuhlomula kuzona abahluphekayo nabancike kakhulu kuhulumeni. Loku kuzosusa umsindo ezinhlanganweni ezilwela amalungelo abantu nakwabantulayo. 

Ukungaboni ngaso linye ngeSabelomali kungagcina ngokuthi iPhalamende lithathe eside isikhathi kunesejwayelekile ukuphasisa imithetho ephathelene neSabelomali. Ngokujwayelekile kuthatha izinyanga ezine kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka omusha wezimali ukuthi iPhalamende liphasise imithetho yeSabelomali. Unyaka wezimali zikahulumeni uqala ngo-Ephreli uphele ngoMashi.

Ngenxa yokungavumelani kwamaqembu epolitiki ngokuhlongozwa wuGodongwana, kungadlula izinyanga ezine ngaphambi kokuthi iPhalamende liphasise umthetho weSabelomali. Isizathu sesibili esokuthi iSabelomali vele sithulwe sekudlule isikhathi esijwayelekile. 

Mibili le mithetho, Owokwabiwa kwemali (etholakala enteleni neminye imithombo), obizwa nge-division of revenue, novumela uhulumeni ukuthi uthathe le mali esikhwameni sezwe, phecelezi i-National Revenue Fund, yabiwa njengohlelo lweSabelomali. Owesibili ubizwa nge-appropriations.

Noko kunemigomo elawula ukuqhubeka kukahulumeni ukusebenzisa izimali uma kwenzeka ukuthi iPhalamende lithatha isikhathi eside ukuphasisa umthetho weSabelomali. Ibalulekile le migomo ngoba ivimba ukumisa nse izinhlelo zikahulumeni uma kungenwe phakathi onyakeni wezimali omusha iPhalamende lingakaphasisi umthetho weSabelomali. Ukumisa izinhlelo zikahulumeni sekuyinto ejwayelekile eMelika.

Zine izinkundla lapho kulindeleke ukuthi kuphikiswane khona ngokuhlongozwa wuGodongwana, ikakhulu ukunyusa i-VAT. 

Eyokuqala, yisesidlangalaleni lapho amakomiti ePhalamende emema khona imiphakathi nezinhlangano ezizimele (njengezinyunyana nezosomabhizinisi) ukuthi zibeke imibono.

Umsebenzi wokucubungula ngeSabelomali wenziwa amakomiti ePhalamende. Uma kunezinguquko ezizokwenziwa, umsuka wazo uzobasemakomitini, imiphumela yawo eyogcina embikweni othi uma usuhlanganisiwe uthulwe ePhalamende. IPhalamende lapha lichaza zombili izindlu, i-National Assembly  ne-National Council of Provinces.

Mabili amakomiti abhekene nale mikhakha, okuyi-Standing Committee on Finance ne-Standing Committee on Appropriations, bese kubanabalingani emkhandlwini obhekene nezifundazwe (i-National Council of Provinces). Asebenza ngokubambisana,bese kuba amakomiti asingethe ukusebenza kweminyango kahulumeni.

Amakomiti axube abantu abavela emaqenjini epolitiki anezihlalo esishayamthetho. Ngokohlelo lokuvota nokwakha isishayamthetho kuleli zwe, amalungu ePhalamende ayizithunywa zamaqembu epolitiki. Wumehluko obalulekile lona, ngoba uchaza ukuthi amalungu awakwazi ukuthatha izinqumo ezingahambisani nezimfuno zeqembu. Ngamanye amazwi amalungu asePhalamende ukuyomela izimvuno zamaqembu, hhayi ezabavoti, kodwa ezeqembu elikhethwe abavoti.

IPhalamende libenehhovisi lokwaba imali elicubungula konke okwethulwa wuhulumeni ePhalamende okuphathelene neSabelomali.

Eyesibili, imihlangano yamakomiti wodwana lapho edingida imibono yawo nephuma emphakathini nesezinhlanganweni ezizimele.

Eyesithathu inkundla, yimpendulo ephuma kungqongqoshe ngokuhlongozwa ngamakomiti. Ngaphambi kokuthi la makomiti adlulisele izincomo zawo ePhalamende kumele anike ungqongqoshe womNyango weziMali ithuba lokubeka umbono wakhe ngokuhlongozwayo. Kufanele anikwe izinsuku ezintathu ukubeka uvo lwakhe, okufanele luhlanganiswe nombiko wekomiti ePhalamende.

Eyokugcina, umhlangano wePhalamende uma selidingida imibiko yamakomiti. Kuzo zonke lezi zinkundla likhulu iqhaza lamaqembu epolitiki.

Konke loku kukhomba ukuthi kuzobanesikhathi lapho izakhamuzi zakuleli zwe, abezimakethe zezimali nosomabhizinisi bengeke bazi ukuthi libheke kuphi izwe ngakwezezimali zikahulumeni.