ISabelomali sikhombisa ukuthi idlangile inhlupheko eNingizimu Afrika futhi bayingcosana abakhokhintela, kuloba uJabulani Sikhakhane
ISABELOMALI esithulwe wungqongqoshe womNyango weziMali uMnu u-Enoch Godongwana izolo sicacisa inhlupheko eNingizimu Afrika, ikakhulu isibalo sabantu abathembele osizweni lukahulumeni. Okunye futhi sigcizelele ingcuphe iNingizimu Afrika ekuyona ngokuthembela kakhulu kubantu abambalwa abakhokha ingxenye enkulu yentela.
Ithulwa nje le mininingwane, i-International Monetary Fund (i-IMF) isanda kukhipha isiphakamiso sokuthi uhulumeni wakuleli zwe kufanele ubuyekeze uhlelo lwawo lokuxhasa abantu abahluphekayo. Ludla isamba semali esibalelwa ku-3.5% womkhiqizo womnotho wezwe ngokwesikali somnotho wezwe. Lesi sikhungo sithi kunabantu abahlomulayo ngalolu hlelo kodwa eqinisweni abangaludingi bese kubakhona abaludingayo kodwa abangalutholi.
Kwinkulumo yakhe uGodongwana uthe abantu abawu-26.5 million bathola usizo lukahulumeni. Lolu sizo luhlanganisa izimpesheni, imali etholwa ngamasosha ayizingwevu (alwa ezimpini zangama-1940), isondlo sezingane, imali yabantu abakhubazekile nesibonelelo sabantu abanakekela abanye.
Abantu abathola usizo lwemali kuhulumeni bayingxenye engaphezudlwana kwango-42% wabantu bonke basezweni ababalelwa ku-63 million. Ngamanye amazwi, u-42 ku-100 wabantu bathola usizo lwezimali nyanga zonke.
Phezu kwaloku uGodongwana uthe imindeni ewu-11.2m kulindeleke ukuthi imindeni ehluphekayo ihlomule ngohlelo lukahulumeni lokuxhasa ngogesi namanzi. Lolu hlelo oluphethwe ngomasipala luzohlomula ngo-R86.9 billion. Lolu sizo luhlinzeka abantu ugesi ongango-50kWh ngenyanga namanzi aWu-6 kilolitres.
Isibalo semindeni okulindeleke ukuthi ihlomule ngalolu hlelo siwu-57% wemindeni yonke ezweni ebalelwa ku-19.5m ngokwemininingwane emisha yeStatistics South Africa (iStats SA). Ngokwale mininingwane, umndeni akubona abantu abahlobene kodwa umuntu noma abantu abahlala endlini eyodwa.
Noma kunenqubo yezwe ngalolu sizo lwezimali, iyahluka imigomo yomasipala enquma ukuthi wobani abangahlomula kulona. Umasipala waseGoli unquma ukuthi umholo womuntu ongathola lolu sizo akufanele udlule kuR7 503 ngenyanga.
Omunye wemininingwane oyinkomba yokwanda kokuthembela ezinhlelweni zikahulumeni wakhishwa yiStats SA ngo-2025. Wakhombisa ukuthi ingxenye yezingane zesikole (zaziwu-15.6m ngo-2024) ezifunda ezikoleni lapho kungakhokhwa mali khona isinyuke yafinyelela ku-65.7% ngo-2024, isuka ku-21.4% ngo-2007. Le ngxenye iphezulu kakhulu eLimpopo (wu-89.8%), ibephansi kunezinye izifundazwe; eNtshonalanga Kapa iwu-51.4%.
Iningi labantu abathola usizo lwemali kuhulumeni abaneminyaka engaphansi kwewu-18, ababalelwa ku-12.6m kulo nyaka u-2026/27. Kulandele abahola isibonelelo senyanga uR370 abawu-8.2m. Bawu-4.3m abempesheni, kuze abakhubazekile (ngaphezudlwana kancane kuka-1m).
Ngokwesamba semali yesabelomali, esezimpesheni siphambili (wuR122bn), esokuxhaswa kwezingane (wuR88.9bn, kulandele esempesheni (siwuR36.9bn) nesabakhubazekile (esiwuR31.8bn).
I-IMF icebisa uhulumeni ukuthi ubuyekeze lolu hlelo lokuxhasa ngezimali. Okokuqala, ithi kufanele ushintshe umgomo onquma ukuthi umuntu ofuna lolu sizo kufanele abenamalini ayithola ngenyanga. Ngokwempesheni okwamanje kufanele kubewumuntu ongatholi imali engaphezu kwangoR8 990 ngenyanga. Ithi kufanele kungathathwa imali engeniswa umuntu ngamunye ngenyanga kodwa umndeni wakhe; umkakhe noma umasihlalisane wakhe.
Umbiko we-IMF usebenzisa uhlelo lokuhlukanisa imindeni imikhakha emihlanu, phecelezi ama-quintile. Ngokwalolu hlelo umkhakha wokuqala ngowabantu abahlupheka kakhulu, ulandelwe owesibili, kuthi owesihlanu kube ngowabantu abadla kahle.
Umbiko uveza nokuthi yemindeni ehlupheka kakhulu ewu-15%, ngamanye amazwi edinga usizo kakhulu, ayilutholi, kuthi imindeni esesigabeni sesibili ngokuhlupheka ewu-42% nayo ayilutholi lolu sizo.
Abantu abawu-20% emindenini esemikhakheni wesine nowesihlanu bathola lolu sizo, into engafanele ngokwe-IMF. Ithi lemali ngabe inikwa abantu abayidinga kakhulu – okungabantu abasemindenini ehlupheka kakhulu. Noma kwenzeka nakwamanye amazwe ukuthi usizo lukahulumeni ufinyelele kubantu abanemali, i-IMF ithi abantu baseNingizimu Afrika abahlomula kungafanele baningi kunakwamanye amazwe.
Yanda nje imindeni ethembele osizweni lukahulumeni, isimo sezimali zikahulumeni zisengcupheni. Isizathu wukuthi imali yentela eqoqwa kubantu incike kakhulu kubakhokhintela abambalwa.
Ngokweminingwane yomNyango weziMali, abakhokhibentela abawu-13% babhadala u-60% wonke wentela ekhokhwa wumuntu ezweni, imali okulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele kuR844.8bn ngonyaka wezezimali u-2026/27. Cishe uhhafu wonke wale ntela ikhokhwa ngabantu abahola ngaphezu kwangoR1m.
Kusho ukuthi cishe u-40% wonke wemali okulindeleke ukuthi iqoqwe iSouth African Revenue Service ngo-2026/27 izophuma kule ntela. Intela i-VAT yona izongenisa u-24.5% (uR521.4bn), kuthi eyezinkampani ibengaphezulu kwango-17% (uR364bn).
UmNyango weziMali uthi imali engeniswa wuhulumeni ngentela incike kakhulu kwintela ekhokhwa ngabantu neyezinkampani, okuyisimo esingahambisani nesamazwe angamalungu e-Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. Amalungu ale nhlangano ngamazwe asethuthikile.
Umnyango uxwayisa ngokuthi uhulumeni kufanele ucophelele ukuthi awuthwesi abantu abayindlanzana nezinkampani umthwalo wentela. Uthi ukunyusa ijoka lentela kulaba bantu nezinkampani kungabenza ukuthi babheke izindlela zokufihla imali abayingenisayo noma ezinye zokwehlisa intela abayikhokhayo. Yonke le mininingwane ikhomba ingcuphe iNingizimu Afrika ekuyona ngasesimweni sezimali zezwe.
