Izinguquko zokusebenza kwemali kahulumeni zizokwandisa umthwalo kwabadinga usizo lwawo, kuloba uJabulani Sikhakhane

UKUVUSELELA isimo sezimali zikahulumeni kuwumthwalo osemahlombe abantu abahluphekayo abangenamandla okuzimela ngaphandle kwezinhlelo zikahulumeni.

Lona wumlayezo ungqongqoshe womNyango weziMali uMnu u-Enoch Godongwana angawugcizeleli noma enabe ngawo kabanzi enkulumweni yakhe i-Medium Term Budget Policy Statement ayethule izolo.

UGodongwana uthe umthamo wezikweletu zikahulumeni kulo nyaka wezimali wango-2025/26 kulindeleke ukuthi ungadluli esikalini esiwu-77.9% sengxenye yomkhiqizo womnotho wezwe. 

Uthe kuzobekuqala ukuthi umthamo wezikweletu zikahulumeni unganyuki ngokwalesi sikali kusukela ngo-2008.

“Kusukela ngo-2008, imali esetshenziswa wuhulumeni ibidlula imali yentela, okunyusa imali ebolekwa wuhulumeni nezindleko zenzalo yayo,” kusho uGodongwana, ophinde wathi ukunyuka kwenani lenzalo kwanciphisa imali uhulumeni angayisebenzisela izinhlelo zakhe ezimqoka. 

FUNDA NALAPHA:  https://www.umbele.co.za/2025/05/22/isabelomali-ngeke-sibasize-ngalutho-abahlwempu-kuloba-ujabulani-sikhakhane/

Umqulu okhishwa wumNyango weziMali wona ubika ukuthi kulindeleke ukuthi igebe phakathi kwemali eqoqwa wuhulumeni ngentela noyisebenzisayo lifinyelele ngaphansi kwango-3% wengxenye yomkhiqizo womnotho wezwe ngonyaka wezezimali wango-2028/29. Kwagcina ngo-2008/09 ukuthi leli gebe libengaphansi kwango-3%.

Ukwanda kwaleli gebe kusho ukunyuka kwenani lemali uhulumeni okumele ayiboleke ezimakethe zezimali, okuyimali ehambisana nenzalo. Ukwehlisa leli gebe uhulumeni kumele unciphise imali oyisebenzisela izinhlelo zawo zemfundo, ezempilo nezinye. 

Enye indlela yokunciphisa leli gebe kungabawukunyuka kwemali eqoqwayo yentela, okuyinto edinga ukukhula ngesivinini komnotho wezwe. Kulo nyaka wezimali wango-2025/26 imali yentela ezoqoqwa kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele kuR2 trillion, isibalo esingaphezudlwana kwengxenye yomkhiqizo womnotho ewu-25%, okuchaza umkhiqizo wenani eliwuR8trn. 

Nokho umnotho waseNingizimu Afrika usuneminyaka engaphezu kwewu-15 ukhula ngezinga eliphansi, elingamelani nezidingo zezwe. Ucwaningo lwebhange i-Investec olwaphuma ngoJuni kulo nyaka lwaveza ukuthi ukuba umnotho wezwe ubukhula ngo-4.5% ngonyaka kusukela ngo-2010, umkhiqizo womnotho ngabe usufinyelele kuR11.5trn kulo nyaka. Ngokwaleli bhange, ngabe uhulumeni waqoqa intela engaphezulu ngoR5trn kusukela ngo-2010, ukudlula intela eyaqoqwa kule minyaka ewu-15 edlule. 

Ngabe asibangakhona isidingo sokuboleka izindodla lezi esezifake uhulumeni enkingeni noma ukuthi kuncishiswe izabelo zezinhlelo zikahulumeni.

Uma kulandelwa loku okushiwo yi-Investec, uhulumeni kulo nyaka ubuzoqoqa isamba sentela esingafinyelela kuR3trn kuya kuR1trn ngaphezu kwesamba uGodongwana alindele ukusithola. 

Ingxenye enkulu yentela iphuma emalini ebanjwa ngabaqashi emiholweni yabantu. Kulo nyaka wezimali lolu hlobo lwentela kulindeleke ukuthi lungenise uR791.8 billion, okuyingxenye engaphansana kwango-40% wemali yonke yentela uR2trn.

I-value added tax (i-VAT) yona kulindeleke ukuthi ifake uR493.6bn (u-25%) esikhwameni sikahulumeni, kuthi intela ekhokhwa yizinkampani kwinzuzo yazo ingenise uR343.4bn (u-17%).

Umthwalo wokungakhuli komnotho ngezinga eliphezulu – njengelibikwa yi-Investec – usemahlombe abantu abancike kakhulu ezinhlelweni zikahulumeni. Miningi imibiko esikhishwe abacwaninga ngesimo sezimali zikahulumeni nezinhlelo zawo zemfundo nezempilo, evea loku.

Lo mthwalo awugcini nje kuphela ngezinhlelo zikahulumeni. Ukukhula komnotho wezwe ngezinga eliphezulu kunyusa isibalo samathuba emisebenzi. I-Investec ithi ngesikhathi kuphethe uMnu uThabo Mbeki ukukhula komnotho ngo-4% ngonyaka phakathi kwango-2004 nango-2008 kwehlisa isibalo sabantu abantula umsebenzi lisuka ku-28% wezisebenzi, lafinyelela ku-21% ngo-2008.

Umbiko omusha weStatistics South Africa uthi isibalo sezisebenzi ezintula umsebenzi ekupheleni kwangoSepthemba walo nyaka libewu-31.9%. Lingaphansi kwelasekupheleni kwangoJuni, ebeliwu-33.2%.

Ngaphambi kwenkulumo kaGodongwana, uphiko lwe-University of Witwatersrand olucwaninga ngesimo sezimali zikahulumeni nokusetshenziswa kwazo i-Public Economy Project beluxwayise ngokuthi umgudu wezezimali zikahulumeni ukhomba ukuncishiswa kwezinhlelo zikahulumeni.

Lolu phiko luthi imali eyabelwa izinhlelo zikahulumeni, okubalwa ezemfundo nezempilo, lisazoqhubeka nokwehla, ikakhulu uma kuthathwa ukwanda kwabantu ezweni nokwehla kwamandla emali. 

Ukwanda kwabantu ezweni kusho ukunyuka kwezidingo zezemfundo – izikole nothisha nezempilo – imitholampilo, odokotela namanesi. Uma izabelomali zincipha kusho ukwehla kwesabelo semali uhulumeni oyisebenzisayo kumuntu ngamunye ezweni.

I-Public Economy Project ithi imali ezosetshenziswa wuhulumeni emva kokukhokha inzalo kulindeleke ukuthi inciphe ngo-3% womkhiqizo wezwe eminyakeni ezayo. 

Loku kuzosho ukuncipha kwamandla kahulumeni okumelana nezidingo zemiphakathi.

Lolu phiko luthi ukwehla kwamandla kahulumeni okumelana nezidingo zemiphakathi kuzosho ukwanda kwabantu abantula imisebenzi, kunyuse nesibalo sabantu ababhuqwa yindlala. 

Kuzokwandisa negebe phakathi kwabantu abahluphekayo nabami kahle. INingizimu Afrika ihamba phambili emazweni omhlaba ngaleli gebe.

Umgudu wesabelo zimali zezwe uphinde uvuse imibuzo ngemibandela yomThethosisekelo wezwe obophelela uhulumeni ngamalungelo abantu abizwa ngamalungelo ezenhlalo nomnotho.

Ngamanye amazwi uGodongwana nosomabhizinisi nezimakethe zezezimali zingayithokozela impumelelo kahulumeni yokwehlisa isidingo sokuboleka izimali ngesivinini seminyaka edlule kodwa kufanele kungalibaleki ukuthi le mpumelelo ithwesa umthwalo onzima abantu abahluphekayo.