Nakuba sehla isidingo, iNingizimu Afrika isithenga uwoyela ohluziwe omningi phesheya, kuloba uJabulani Sikhakhane
ENYE yezinguquko ezinkulu emnothweni weNingizimu Afrika kule minyaka nje wukuvalwa kwezikhungo ezimbili zokuhluza uwoyela ezehlise amandla okuhluza uwoyela ezweni ngohhafu wonke.
Loku sekuphoqe izwe ukuthi linyuse kakhulu ukuthenga uwoyela osuhluziwe kwamanye amazwe. Lolu shintsho luphawuleke kakhulu kusukela ngo-2020, lapho uwoyela osuhluziwe othengwa yiNingizimu Afrika kwamanye amazwe udlule ongahluziwe. Sekugcine ngokumiswa kokusebenza kwezikhungo ezimbili zokuhluza uwoyela eziseThekwini. Esokuqala yisikhungo okwakungese-Engen, esesibili ebesingesezinkampani iShell noBP.
Zenzeka nje lezi zinguquko kule mboni siyehla isidingo somkhiqizo wayo. Zingabambili izizathu ezichaza loku. Esokuqala wukuthi sekuphele iminyaka engaphezu kwewu-15 umnotho waleli zwe ukhula ngezinga eliphansi.
Esesibili yizinguquko emnothweni wezwe ngenxa yemizamo yokwehlisa ukusebenzisa uphethroli nodizili ukunciphisa ukunyuka kwezinga lokushisa emhlabeni jikelele.
Ukunyuka kokushisa kuhambisana nezinguquko esimweni sezulu, osekudale ukwanda kwezimvula ezihambisana nezikhukhula nesomiso kwezinye izindawo zomhlaba.
Umqulu wangoSepthemba obuyekeza isimo somnotho kuleli zwe nesezimali zikahulumeni i-Quarterly Bulletin, okhishwa yiBhange lomBuso, uveza ukuthi igebe phakathi kukawoyela ohluziwe nongahluziwe othengwa yileli zwe kwamanye amazwe landa kakhulu kusukela ngasekupheleni kwango-2020. Lenyuka kakhulu ngo-2022, lase lithi ukwehla.
Okwamanje, leli zwe lithenga uwoyela ongahluziwe wenani elingaphezudlwana kwangoR50 billion ngonyaka. Uwoyela osuhluziwe, ungaphezulu kwangoR200bn ngonyaka, wenyuka wafinyelela kuR350bn ngo-2022.
Imininingwane equkethwe wumbiko wonyaka ka-2024 weFuels Industry Association uveza ukunyuka ngesivinini esikhulu ukuthengwa kukaphethroli nodizili kwamanye amazwe. Ngo-2014 leli zwe lalithenga amalitha angaphansana kwawu-5bn ngonyaka.
Lo mthamo wafinyelela ngaphansana kwango-15bn ngo-2024. Esinye sezizathu zokunyuka kokuthengwa kukadizili kwamanye amazwe kukekwaba yisidingo se-Eskom sokusebenzisa udizili ngesikhathi iziteshi zikagesi zawo ziquleka nsuku zonke.
Nophethroli ngokunjalo wenyuka, usuka kumalitha awu-1.15bn ngo-2014 wafinyelela kwawu-4bn ngo-2024. Ngo-2022 wafinyelela kwawu-5.455bn ngesikhathi kuvalwe isikhungo sase-Astron. Sabuye savulwa lesi sikhungo. Amazwe ahamba phambili ekuthengiseleni iNingizimu Afrika uphethroli yi-India, yi-Italy, iSaudi Arabia, iBelgium neNetherlands.
Le mininingwane ikhomba nokuthi kuyancipha ukusebenzisa uphethroli nodizili kuleli zwe. Ngo-2024, kwasetshenziswa amalitha awu-8.76bn, isikali esehle kakhulu kunamalitha awu-11.34bn ngo-2014. Nodizili njalo wehlile wafika kumalitha awu-11.8bn (kuqhathaniswa nawu-13bn ngo-2014).
Siyehla nesidingo samafutha amabhanoyi. Izinkampani zamabhanoyi zazisebenzisa amalitha awu-2.19bn ngo-2014. Kanti ngo-2024, zathenga amalitha awu-1.75bn kuphela.
Le mininingwane ikhomba ukunyuka kukapharafini. Ngo-2014 izwe lalisebenzisa amalitha awu-558 million. Ngo-2024 lasebenzisa amalitha awu-1.195bn. Ukunyuka kokusetshenziswa kukapharafini kungabangenye yezinkomba zokwanda kobunzima obuthwelwe yizakhamuzi, ikakhulu ngenxa yokunyuka kwentengo kagesi. Kungakhomba ukuthi imizi eminingi isibuyele kwizitofu zikaphalrafini ukupheka.
Izinguquko embonini kawoyela ezweni zihambisana nokuvalwa kwezikhungo zokuhluza uwoyela. I-Enref (Engen) yavalwa ngo-2019, kwathi iSapref (iShell neBP) yagcina ukusebenza ngo-2020. Sekusele izikhungo ezintathu, iAstron (okwakungeyeCaltex) eseKapa, iNatref, isikhungo seSasol neTotal. Nokho iTotal isiyadayiisela enye inkampani amasheya ayo.
I-Sasol inesinye isikhungo kodwa sona sisebenzisa amalahle, siwaguqule enziwe uphethroli nodizili namanye amafutha. Lesi sikhungo neNatref ziseSecunda, eMpumalanga lapho kumbiwa amalahle khona.
Zibalulekile lezi zikhungo zeSasol ngoba yizona zodwa izikhungo zokuhluza uwoyela ezimaphakathi nezwe. Ezinye zigudle ulwandle kanti ingxenye enkulu yomkhiqizo wezomnotho ezweni, u-33%, iphuma eGauteng, ngakho ukusebenzisa uwoyela ohluziwe kutholakala kulesi sifundazwe.
Ukuvalwa kwalezi zikhungo zaseThekwini kungathakaselwa yimiphakathi osekuneminyaka ikhononda ngokuthi ukusebenza kwazo kuletha izifo, ikakhulu ethinta isifuba. Enye yezinkinga zeminyaka wukuvuza kukawoyela kulezi zikhungo ungcolise izindawo ezisondelene nalezi zikhungo.
Inkinga nokho wukuthi indlela ezivalwe ngayo lezi zikhungo ishiya umonakalo ozodala lapho zakhiwe khona nasezindaweni ezisondelene nazo ungakhucululiwe. Imithetho yokunakela nokuvikela imvelo ibeka imigomo ephoqa abanikazi balezi zikhungo ukuthi bazikhuculule ngaphambi kokuzivala.
Kwandile emhlabeni wonke ukuthi abanikazi bezikhungo zokuhluza uwoyela bangazivali kodwa bathi bamisa umkhiqizo kuphela, okubagunyaza ukuthi bangabhekani nezindleko zokukhuculula.
E-Sapref iShell neBP bathola imbobo yokuphunyuka kulezi zindleko ngokudayisela inkampani kahulumeni iCentral Energy Fund lesi sikhungo ngoR1.
Ngamanye amazwi ayivaliwe iSapref ngendlela engaphoqwa wumthetho wezokuvikela imvelo ukuthi ikhuculule isikhungo sayo. Kodwa lesi sikhungo asikhiqizi lutho.
