Ukudlanga kobugebengu kunqinda ukukhula komnotho eNingizimu Afrika, kuloba uJabulani Sikhakhane
IMINININGWANE ekhishwe yiStatistics South Africa (iStats SA) kuleli sonto ngesimo sezokuphepha ezweni ikhomba ukuthi siyanda isibalo sabantu abazizwa bengaphephile ezindaweni abahlala kuzo, ikakhulu uma sekuhlwile. Siyanda nesibalo sabantu ababika ukuthi sebethathe izinyathelo zokuzivikela.
Imibono ngokungaphephi ibangwa wukwanda kobugebengu eNingizimu Afrika, okuyizwe okubikwa ukuthi linezinga eliphezulu lobugebengu, ikakhulu obuhambisana nendluzula. Emazweni anobugebengu obuhambisana nendluzula, leli zwe lidlula ngisho iColombia, izwe laseLatin America elidume ngezigebengu ezishushumbisa izidakamizwa.
Ngokocwaningo olwenziwa iWorld Bank ngo-2023, ubugebengu buvimba inqubekelaphambili kwezomnotho ezweni futhi buhlukumeza izakhamuzi, okwehlisa izinga lenhlalakahle ezweni ngenxa yokuthi izakhamuzi azikwazi ukuphila ngokukhululeka.
FUNDA NALAPHA: https://www.umbele.co.za/2024/07/03/umbiko-uthi-ayazicanasela-amaphekulazikhuni-eningizimu-afrika-kuloba-ujabulani-sikhakhane/
Le mininingwane yeStats SA ihambisana neyocwaningo olwenziwa yiGauteng City-Region Observatory (iGCRO), eyasungulwa ngamanyuvesi aseGauteng i-University of Witwatersrand (iWits) ne-University of Johannesburg (i-UJ), uhulumeni wesifundazwe saseGauteng nenhlangano yomasipala iSouth African Local Government Association (iSalga).
Ucwaningo lweGCRO ngesimo senhlalo yezakhamuzi zaseGauteng, imiphumela yalo eyakhishwa ngo-2024, lwaqalwa ngo-2009. Lukhomba ukunyuka kwesibalo sabantu abathi bazizwa bengaphephile ezindaweni abahlala kuzona.
I-Stats SA ibika ukuthi isibalo sabantu ababika ukungazizwa bephephile uma behamba emini ezindaweni abahlala kuzona lehlile lafinyelela ku-81% ngo-2024/25 uma liqhathaniswa no-85% ngo-2020/21. Uma bebuzwa ngokuhamba uma sekuhlwile, bawu-36% kuphela ababika ukuthi bazizwa bephephile, okuyisibalo esiphansi uma siqhathaniswa nesango-2020/21 esasiwu-39,6%.
Sinyukile isibalo sabantu ababika ukuthi bazizwa bengaphephile uma behamba sekuhlwile safinyelela ku-42,3%, uma siqhathaniswa no-38% wango-2020/21. Kubantu besifazane iningi labo (u-45%) lathi izizwa lingaphephile uma lihamba sekuhlwile uma liqhathaniswa nabantu besilisa abawu-39,5%.
Ngokwezifundazwe, ingxenye enkulu yezakhamuzi ewu-73% zaseMpumalanga izizwa ingaphephile uma ihamba sekuhlwile, kulandele iGauteng ngo-71%, iNyakatho Kapa ngo-68,4%, neKwaZulu-Natali ngo-64,6%. Emsileni iLimpopo, lapho u-35,8% uzizwa ungaphephile. Ingxenye enkulu kuneyazo zonke izifundazwe (u-64,2%) uzizwa uphephile uma sekuhlwile.
Okuphawulekayo wukuthi uma zibuzwa ukuthi zingenzenjani uma zizithela phezu kwezigebengu ziphezu komsebenzi wazo, ingxenye enkulu (u-39,6%) yezakhamuzi ibika ukuthi ingabiza amaphoyisa, okuyisibalo esingaphansi kwesango-2023/24 (u-43,8%). Nokho sicishe silingane nesabantu abathi bangabiza omakhelwane (u-39,1%). Abawu-5,5% bathi bangadla phansi.
Kubikwa ukuthi iningi labesifazane (u-52,4%) selithathe izinyathelo zokuvikeleka ebugebengwini uma liqhathaniswa nabesilisa (u-47,6%). Lezi zingxenye azinamehluko otheni nezango-2023/24.
Ngokweminyaka, iningi labantu abathatha izinyathelo zokuvikeleka ngelineminyaka ephakathi kwewu-16 no-34 (u-40,4%), kulandele abaphakathi kwewu-35 no-49 (u-28%).
Ezinyathelweni ezithathwayo zokuvikeleka, iningi (u-29,9%) lthi likhetha ukuhamba ngezikhathi ezithathwa njengeziphephile, kulandele (u-28,7%) obika ukuthi usufake izivikelamuzi. U-15% ubika ukuthi uhamba uziqaphile ngazo zonke izinkathi. Abaqasha onogada bayingxenye encane kakhulu (7,2%), okungaba yinkomba yesimo sezimali.
Ngokombiko weWorld Bank kunegebe elikhulu phakathi kwabantu abanemali nabahluphekayo uma kubhekwa ukuthenga umshwalense okhokhela izindleko umuntu angabhekana nazo ngenxa yobugebengu, njengokugqekezelwa nje.
Cishe u-70% wonke wabantu abadla kahle unomshwalense, kolunye uhlangothi wu-5% kuphela kwabahola kancane. Loku kusho ukuthi igalelo lobugebengu kubantu abahola kancane nabahluphekayo likhulu ngaphezulu kwelabanemali.
NgokweStats SA iningi lezakhamuzi (u-26,4%) libika ukuthi akukho elingakwenza ukuzivikela, u-24,9% uthi wumsebenzi wamaphoyisa. Ngaphansana nje kuka-18% uthi awunamali yokuthatha izinyathelo zokuvikela.
Le mininingwane yeStats SA ihambisana nokwashiwo yiGCRO ngo-2024. Ucwaningo lwayo lwezakhamuzi zaseGauteng lwaveza ukuthi iningi (u-48%) labika ukuthi isimo sobugebengu sabasibi ngo-2023/24 uma siqhathaniswa nesango-2015/16 (u-42%). Isibalo esiwu-36% sabika ukuthi akunashintsho, okuyisibalo esehla kancane kunesango-2015/16 (u-38%).
Iningi (u-57%) lathi lizizwa lingaphephile kakhulu uma lihamba sekuhlwile, u-24% wathi uzizwa uphephile kancane.
Sinyukile isibalo sezakhamuzi ezabika ukungeneliswa kakhulu ngezokuphepha ezihlinzekwa wuhulumeni, safinyelela ku-27% ngo-2023/24 uma siqhathaniswa no-15% wango-2015/16. Ababika ukungeneliseki nabo banyuka bafinyelela ku-35%, besuka ku-24% ngo-2015/16.
Izinga lobugebengu ezweni lunemiphumela emibi empilweni yezakhamuzi. Umbiko weWorld Bank waveza ukuthi abantu abahlala ezindaweni ezikhungethwe wubugebengu baphoqeka ukuthi bamise impilo yabo. Bagcina bengasekho magange ukuphumela ngaphandle kwemizi yabo, bazikhiphe noma bayoshaywa wumoya, balule izinyawo noma basebenzise ezokuthutha zomphakathi.
Nezingane zigcina zingasavunyelwe ukuphuma zisabalale eduze nasemakubo zidlale noma ziye epaki. Nokuya esikoleni ngezinyawo kubanzima ngoba kusatshwa ubugebengu.
