Izibalo ngemindeni elimayo ezweni zikhombisa ukwanda kwegebe phakathi kwezinhlanga, kuloba uJabulani Sikhakhane  

SIYEHLA isibalo samakhaya aseNingizimu Afrika angabalimi, ngokwemininingwane ye-Statistics South Africa (iStats SA). Kubalimi kubalwa nabantu abanezingadi emakhaya.

Ukwehla kwesibalo semindeni ekhiqiza ukudla kubeka leli zwe engcupheni, ikakhulu njengoba sekwande ukuhlupheka ngenxa yesimo somnotho esinzima. Sekuphele iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi umnotho wezwe ukhula ngezinga eliphansi kakhulu, elihluleka wukumelana nezidingo zalo.

Ngenxa yesimo somnotho siyanda isibalo sabantu abantula amathuba omsebenzi nesemindeni ebika ukuthi ivame ukulala ingadlile. Kufanele engabe siyanda isibalo semindeni ekhuthalele ukuzitshalela okudliwayo emakhaya. Nokho imininingwane yeStats SA ikhomba ukuthi akwenzeki loku. Kunaloko siyehla isibalo semindeni elimayo.

Le mininingwane ibeka obala isimo sezolimo ezweni, umehluko ngokwebala kule mboni, ikakhulu wukuthi wubani onomhlaba wokulima futhi iveza umehluko nangobulili – imindeni elawulwa ngabantu besifazane iseqhulwini ekutshaleni ukudla, ikakhulu emva kwezindlu, okuvame ukuhambisana namazinga enhlupheko.

Imindeni ephethwe ngabantu besifazane yiyona evame ukuthwala kanzima ngokwesimo somnotho namathuba okuzithuthukisa ngokwempilo.

Ngokwezibalo zabantu, igama elithi umndeni lisho abantu abahlala egcekeni elilodwa, abadla ndawonye futhi basizane ngezinye izidingo zekhaya. 

Alisho abantu abazalanayo noma izihlobo. Umuntu ohlala yedwa, ozikhokhela izindleko zakhe uthathwa njengomndeni ozimele ngokwalezi zibalo ezikhomba ukuthi leli zwe lalinemindeni engaphezulu kwewu-17.828 million ngo-2022 (yayiwu-14.449m ngo-2011).

KwiziBalo zemindeni engabalimi ka-2022 kuvela ukuthi isibalo semindeni engabalimi ezweni yehla kakhulu ngo-2022 uma iqhathaniswa no-2011.

Ngo-2011 yayingaphezulu kwewu-2.879m imindeni engabalimi, isibalo esicishe sifinyelele ku-20% wayo yonke imindeni ezweni ngalowo nyaka. Ngo-2022, lesi sibalo sehla safinyelela ku-2.463m (13,8%). IKwaZulu-Natali yahamba phambili ngesibalo sokwehla kwemindeni elimayo, ilandelwa yiMpumalanga Kapa.

Sekuneminyaka ongoti kwezolimo bekhomba ukwehla kwesibalo semindeni elimayo. Phezu kwemizamo kwezinye izifundazwe yokukhuthaza abantu ukuthi bazitshalele ukudla, ikakhulu ezingadini nasemasimini aseduze nasemakhaya, imininingwane yeStats SA ikhomba ukuthi ayinampumelelelo etheni le mizamo.

Sehle kakhulu isibalo semindeni engabalimi eKZN, sisuka ku-716 994 ngo-2011, safinyelela ku-549 268 ngo-2022. Senyukile nokho eLimpopo, sisuka ku-468 495 ngo-2011, safinyelela ku-520 132 ngo-2022. 

Iningi lemindeni engabalimi eLimpopo elawulwa ngabantu besifazane (babewu-289 860 ngo-2022) uma iqhathaniswa nelawulwa ngamadoda (eyayiwu-230 272).

NaseKZN (sasiwu-388 295 siqhathaniswa no-322 255) naseMpumulanga Kapa (sasiwu-325 173 uma siqhathaniswa no-269 794), imindeni elawulwa ngabantu besifazane ihamba phambili ekulimeni uma iqhathaniswa nelawulwa ngabesilisa.

Okunye okuvezwa yiStats SA wukuthi ingxenye enkulu yabantu abamNyama ezweni batshala emva kwezindlu. 

Emindenini ewu-2.233m yabantu abamNyama engabalimi ezweni engaphezu kwewu-2m itshala emva kwezindlu, kuthi engaphezudlwana kwewu-72 000 isebenzise amapulazi. 

Engaphezudlwana kwewu-76 000 itshala ezindaweni eziphethwe ngamakhosi.

Ebelungwini, phakathi kwemindeni ewu-126 980 engabalimi, ewu-50 534 isebenzisa amapulazi, kuthi ewu-66 241 izitshalele emva kwezindlu.

Lapha iNtshonalanga Kapa ihamba phambili uma kuthathwa ingxenye yemindeni engabalimi esebenzisa amapulazi. Iwu-26,7% imindeni yalesiya sifundazwe esebenzisa amapulazi, okuyingxenye ephindwe kaningi kunesikali sezwe sabalimi bonke abasebenzisa amapulazi ngo-5,3%. Kulandela iNyakatho Kapa ngo-14,6%. 

Ngokunjalo, iNtshonalanga Kapa inengxenye encane kunezinye izifundazwe zemindeni engabalimi etshale emva kwezindlu ewu-63,9%, okuyingxenye engaqhathaniswa nezibalo zezwe ewu-89,2%.

Basebancane abalimi abamNyama abatshala ngenhloso yokudayisa umkhiqizo wabo wonke. Kubalimi abamNyama abangaphezu kwabawu-2.2m, bawu-64 232 kuphela abathi balima ngenhloso yokudayisa wonke umkhiqizo wabo. 

Abakhiqizela ukudayisa nokuthi badle babalelwa kwabawu-143 974. Ingxenye enkulu, ewu-1.854m, ikhiqizela ibhodwe nje kuphela.

Emindenini yabeLungu engabalimi ewu-127 000 iwu-36 230 ikhiqizela ukudayisa kuphela, kuthi ewu-24 650 idayise futhi idle.

Ngokwamazinga emfundo, ihamba phambili iNtshonalanga Kapa uma kuthathwa ingxenye yemindeni yabalimi ikakhulu abaphathi bemindeni ephothule uMatikuletsheni, yase idlulela phambili kwezemfundo. 

Emindenini engabalimi ewu-54 644 eNtshonalanga Kapa, babewu-13 356 abaphothule uMatikuletsheni, kuthi abawu-17 884 badlulela emazingeni aphezulu emfundo. 

Uma zihlanganiswa lezi zibalo zisho ukuthi u-57% wabalimi baseNtshonalanga Kapa banoMatikuletsheni nangaphezulu. Bawu-24% kuphela eKZN, kuthi eLimpopo babewu-26%.

Ingxenye enkulu yemindeni engabalimi ewu-2.463m ilawulwa ngabantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kwewu-35 newu-59 bawu-1.229m, kulandele abaneminyaka engaphezu kwewu-60 abawu-918 331.

Yonke le mininingwane iveza igebe elikhulu ngokobuhlanga ezweni.