Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi abantu abamnyama abasakukhuthalele ukushada, kuloba uJabulani Sikhakhane 

ZIYANDA izinguquko ngenhlalo nesimo sempilo yezakhamuzi zaseNingizimu Afrika, ikakhulu eyabantu abamnyama. Loku kuvezwa yimininingwane ehlukene eqoqwa yiStatistics South Africa (iStats SA), ekhomba ushintsho olukhulu endleleni abantu abamnyama abaziphethe ngayo nezinkolelo zabo.

Akukacaci nokho ukuthi lezi zinguquko zinamphumela muni ezinkingeni ezikhungethe izwe esezande kakhulu, phakathi kwazo esingabala ubugebengu (ikakhulu obuhambisana nodlame) nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa okubalwa kuzo notshwala. Uhlobo loshintsho olubikwa yiStats SA luvame ukudala izinkinga kwamanye amazwe.

Ushintsho esingalubalula lapha yizinkolelo ngomshado. Kusukela emandulo umshado wawuthathwa njengesisekelo esimqoka sokubumba imindeni kuthi imindeni ithathwe njengesiqalo sokwakheka komphakathi, eyisisekelo esikhulu sokubumba isizwe. Uma isisekelo sokuqala, umndeni, sixega, isizwe asakheki kahle.

Imininingwane yeStats SA ithi izinga lokushada lehle kakhulu kubantu abamnyama uma liqhathaniswa nelezinye izinhlanga. Abacubungula izinguquko nenhlalo nempilo yezakhamuzi kwamanye amazwe babika ukuthi ukwanda kwamathuba emfundo, ikakhulu emazingeni aphakeme kunegalelo ekushadeni. Igalelo lemfundo libasekunyuseni iminyaka uma abantu beshada.

Isizathu saloku sicacile. Okokuqala, abantu abaya enyuvesi, ikakhulu abaqhubekayo nemfundo baze bathole iziqu ezisezingeni eliphezulu, abavamile ukushada ngaphambi kokuphothula izifundo. 

Okwesibili, uma sebephothulile, bake bathi ukuma ukuze bazakhele igama emsebenzini futhi bathuthukise amakhono abo ngaphambi kokubanemindeni. 

Nesimo somnotho, ikakhulu ukuncipha kwamathuba omssebenzi eNingizimu Afrika, sidala izinkinga. Ukuncipha kwamathuba omsebenzi kusho ukuthi izinsizwa zabantu abamnyama azikwazi ukuhlanganisa imali yelobolo, izindleko zalo esezinyuke kakhulu. 

Ongoti baphawula nokuthi eminye imindeni ekhungethwe wububha igcina inyusa izindleko zamalobolo.

FUNDA LAPHA: https://www.umbele.co.za/2024/08/23/izinguquko-endleleni-istats-sa-ehlaziya-ngayo-ukwenza-kwabathengi/

Njengoba eminye imindeni, ikakhulu emakhaya, ikhetha izinkomo zoboya noma izixube nezemali ukunyuka kwentengo yezinkomo kunyusa izindleko zokulobola. Konke lokhu kushiya izinsizwa eziningi, ngisho nezisebenzayo, zingenawomandla okulobola.

Imininingwane yeStats SA ithi ngo-2022 isibalo sabamnyama ababeshadile lalingaphansana kuka-20%, okuyisibalo esingaphansi ngaphezulu kukahhafu wabelungu ababeshadile (54.8%). Babelandelwa amaNdiya (48.5%) namaKhaladi (30.25%).

I-Stats SA ibika ukuthi kunoshintsho kokulindelwe yimiphakathi ngezimo ezifana nemishado. Sekuvame ukubayihlaya phakathi kwezizukulwane zamanje zabantu abamnyama ukuthi uma zibuzwa abazali nezihlobo, ikakhulu zasemakhaya, ukuthi zishada nini. 

Liyehla nakwezinye izinhlanga izinga lokushada. I-Stats SA ibika ukuthi isibalo semishado ebhaliswe emNyangweni wezaseKhaya lehle kakhulu eminyakeni eyishumi kusukukela ku-2014 kuya ku-2023. Yaba wu-99 289 imishado eyabhaliswa ngo-2023 kanti yayiwu-150 852 ngo-2014.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi liyenyuka nezinga lamadivosi, ikakhulu kubantu abamnyama. Ngo-2023, kwabhaliswa amadivosi angu-22 230, okuyinani elingaphezulu kwelango-2022 ngo-10%. Babehamba phambili abamnyama ngenani lamadivosi (12 362) ngo-2023, okuwu-55.6% wamadivosi onke alowo nyaka.

Ingxenye engaphezu kukahhafu yamadivosi eyemishado eyenziwa ngokusayina emahhovisi omNyango wezeseKhaya, ilandelwe eyenziwa phambi kwabefundisi nezikhulu zamasonto ezinemvume yokushadisa (u-39.8%). Noma yonke imishado igcina ibhaliswe emNyangweni wezaseKhaya kodwa kunomehluko kwisiqalo somshado – eminye yenziwa esontweni, kulo mnyango.  

Okuqavile lapha wukuthi ingxenye enkulu yamadivosi abantu abamnyama awemishado eyasayinwa emNyangweni wezaseKhaya (70.2%) kanti kubelungu ingxenye enkulu (67.2%) kwabayimishado yasesontweni. 

Umehluko ungachazwa ukuthi kubantu abamnyama imishado eyenziwe esontweni ivame ukuhambisana nezandla zabazali, izikhulu zesonto, izihlobo nokuqina kokubayilungu lebandla, okuyizibopho ezingaqaqeki kalula. 

Ngakolunye uhlangothi abamnyama abashadela emNyangweni wezaseKhaya kuvame ukuba ngabantu abazithatha ngokuthi sebezimele futhi baqhelelene nemindeni nezihlobo.

Siyanda isibalo (wu-61.7%) sezakhamuzi ezizichaza ngokuthi azikaze zishade, okuyinkomba, ngokweStats SA, yokuthi liyanda inani lezakhamuzi ezingasakholelwa emshadweni ngendlela owawubukwa ngayo emandulo. 

Asikashintshi nokho isikhathi sonyaka sokushada. I-Stats SA ibika ukuthi imishado eminingi isenziwa ehlobo kusukela ngoSepthemba kuya ngoDisemba. Ngo-2023, ingxenye enkulu yemishado (u-11.9%) yenziwa ngoDisemba.

Liyenyuka nezinga lokushada phakathi kwezinhlanga, okuyinkomba, ngokwe-Stats SA, yokwanda kwezakhamuzi ezizimisele ukuvala igebe phakathi kwezinhlanga. Ngaphansi kobandlululo kwakuyicala ukushada noma ukuthandana phakathi kwezinhlanga, ikakhulu abamnyama nabelungu.

Isibalo semindeni exube izinhlanga safinyelela ku-11.4% ngo-2022, uma siqhathaniswa no-1.3% ngo-2001. Igama lomndeni lapha asilisebenzisi njengokujwayelekile, lapho lichaza khona abantu begazi noma abahlobene. Lapha silandela iStats SA, esilisebenzisa ukuchaza abantu abahlala ndawonye.

Ingxenye enkulu yemindeni exube izinhlanga itholakala emadolobheni. Abacwaningi bathi loku kudalwa ukuthi yizakhamuzi zezinhlanga ezahlukene emadolobheni zivame ukuhlala noma zisebenze ndawonye, okuvame ukudala ushintsho endleleni izinhlanga ezibukana ngayo. 

Ngokwezifundazwe, ihamba phambili iNtshonalanga Kapa ngemindeni exube izinhlanga (iwu-17%), ilandelwe iGauteng (ewu-14.6%). 

Akuveli nokho embikweni weStats SA ukuthi ukwanda kwemindeni exubile sekusho ukuthi iningi lezakhamuzi sezikwemukela ngokuphelele ukuhlangana kwezinhlanga.