Kuhle, kubi emnothweni ukuvumela ukukhipha impesheni, kuloba uJabulani Sikhakhane

IZINGUQUKO ekuhleleni izikhwama zempesheni ezizoqala ngoSepthemba zizokwenyusa izinga lokukhula komnotho weNingizimu Afrika nonyaka nango-2025, ngokocwaningo longoti baseBhange loMbuso.

Nokho ukukhipha imali yempesheni ngalolu hlobo kungasho ukwehla kwemali amalungu angabe ayibekela ukuzibheka ngayo uma esethathe umhlalaphansi. 

Umlando waleli zwe namanye amazwe ukhomba ukuthi isimo esifana nalesi sidalela izizukulwane ezizayo inkinga. Uma amalungu ezikhwama zempesheni namuhla ezidlela imali okumele angabe ayayibeka, la malungu ayogcina esekhangeza kuhumeni efuna imali yempesheni.

Imali evela kuhulumeni itholakala ngokuqoqwa kwezinhlobo ezintathu zentela. Ingxenye enkulu iphuma kwebanjwa emiholweni yezisebenzi nyanga zonke, phecelezi i-personal income tax, i-VAT kanye nekhokhwa izinkampani ngenzuzo eziyenzile.

Lezi zinhlobo ezintathu zentela zenza ngaphezudlwana kuka-80% wemali eqoqwa yiSouth African Revenue Service (iSARS) ngonyaka. Nemali ebolekwa wuhulumeni njalo ngonyaka ukwengeza kweyentela kumele ibuyiselwe kubanikazi bayo emva kwesikhathi sesivumelwano. Ibuyiselwa ngeyentela.

Lezi zinguquko zidume “ngelezimbiza ezimbili”, phecelezi i-two-pot system. Zibizwa kanje ngoba kuzokwehlukaniswa imali umuntu azibekele yona yempesheni kabili,  okungeyesikhwama sempesheni okungavumelekile ukuthi ilungu likhiphe imali yaso kuze kufike isikhathi somhlalaphansi nengxenye ethathwa njengeyokonga, ilungu elizovumeleka ukukhipha kuyona kanye ngonyaka.

Zisuka nje kuzothathwa u-10% (kodwa leli nani akufanele lidlule kuR30 000) wemali esesikhwameni selungu ekupheleni kuka-Agasti nonyaka ufakwe ebhodweni lemali ye-savings. Esalayo izongena engxenyeni yemali yempesheni eyoze itholakale ngesikhathi somhlalaphansi.

Bese kuthi emva kwangoSepthemba imali ilungu eliyibekela impesheni ngenyanga izohlukaniswa kabili. Uma libeka uR900 ngenyanga, kuzothathwa uR300 ungene kweyokongiwa, kuthi uR600 uye empeshenini.

Ongoti bezomnotho baseBhange loMbuso bathi leli gunya lokukhipha imali lingenyusa izinga lokukhula komnotho. Loku kungenziwa wukuthi amalungu asebenzise imali ayikhiphayo ukuthenga izimpahla nezinye izidingo zempilo. Amanye angakhokha izikweletu zawo, okungehlisa imali yezikweletu abazikhokha ngenyanga. Nalesi senzo singagcina ngokunyusa imali umuntu angayisebenzisa ukuthenga izimpahla nezinye izidingo.

Singenyusa nenani lemali yentela eqoqwa yiSARS njengoba amalungu ezikhwama zempesheni ezokhokha intela ngesamba asikhiphayo.

Ongoti beBange loMbuso bathi izinguquko ezifana nezenziwa eNingizimu Afrika zaba nomphumela omuhle emnothweni ngesikhathi zenziwa eChile, eNingizimu Melika. Lezi zinguquko zabangesinye sezizathu zokunyuka kwezinga lokukhula komnotho ngo-11.7% ngo-2021. Yenyuka nemali yentela eyaqoqwa wuhulumeni.

Nokho izikhwama zempesheni zancipha kakhulu, okwaphoqa uhulumeni waseChile ukuthi avale ukukhishwa kwemali yempesheni ngaphambi kokufika kwesikhathi somhlalaphansi.

Ucwaningo lweBange loMbuso luveza ukuthi umphumela walezi zinguquko kwezomnotho uzoncika ekutheni amalungu ezikhwama zempesheni akhipha engakanani imali kwavunyelwe ukuyithatha.

Uma amalungu ekhipha u-90% wemali avunyelwe ukuyithatha, kungaphuma R100 billion ngaphambi kokuphela kwalo nyaka. Phezu kwalesi samba kunemali elinganiselwa kuR110bn ezokhishwa ezikhwameni zempesheni nonyaka ngamalungu asula emsebenzini. 

Isifo sokusula emsebenzini ukuze umuntu athole isigaxa sempesheni sande kakhulu kuleli zwe. Eminyakeni eyedlule sahlasela kakhulu izisebenzi zikahulumeni, ikakhulukazi othisha. Kwanda izisebenzi ezisula emsebenzini ngoba zikhononda ngokuthi zigajwe yizikweletu. Emva kwesikhashana, ezinye zazo zazi“shaya is’dudla”, zibuyele emsebenzini.

IBhange loMbuso lithi emva kokubanjwa kwemali yentela, amalungu ezikhwama zempesheni angasala noR79bn emaphaketheni kulo nyaka. Le mali izokwehla kakhulu ngo-2025 (ngoR31.5bn emva kokukhokha intela) nango-2026 (ngoR33.1bn).

Nemali engaqoqwa yiSARS ingenyuka ngoR41bn ngo-2024/25 no-R32.4 billion ngo-2025/26. Zimbili izizathu zalokhu. Esokuqala, imali etholakala ngentela ekhokhwa emalini amalungu ezikhwama zempesheni ayikhipha ngonyaka. 

Esesibili, ukunyuka kokuthengwa kwezimpahla nezinye izidingo zempilo kunganyusa izinga lokudaleka kwamathuba emisebenzi, okuhambisana nokunyuka kwentela ebanjwa emiholweni yezisebenzi.

Nezinkampani zingahlomula, kunyuke inzuzo eziyenzayo, okungasho ukunyuka kwentela eziyikhokhayo.

Uma amalungu ezikhwama zempesheni esebenzisa uhhafu wemali ayikhiphayo ukwehlisa izikweletu, lesi senzo singanciphisa umphumela walezi zinguquko ngohhafu ngo-2024, nokho unyuke eminyakeni elandelayo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwale mali ukuthenga izimpahla nezinye izidingo zempilo kunganyusa izinga lokukhula komnotho. Kungaba nomphumela ongemuhle kwezinye izindawo. Okokuqala, izinkampani eziphethe lezi zimali zempesheni kuzofanele zidayiise izingxenye zemali etshaliwe ukuze kutholakale imali edingwa ngamalungu. Loku kungehlisa imali engatshalwa emnothweni wezwe.

Okwesibili, ukwanda kwemali yokuthenga izimpahla nezinye izidingo zempilo kungasho ukwenyuka kwezinga lokwehla kwamandla emali, phecelezi i-inflation. Ukunyuka kwezinga lokwehla kwamandla emali kusho ukwenyuka kwezindleko zokuboleka imali, phecelezi interest rates.

IBhange loMbuso lixwayisa ngokuthi umlando kwamanye amanye amazwe wezinguquko ezinjengalezi ezenziwa kuleli zwe ukhomba ukuthi kufanele zenziwe ngokucophelela. Uma zenziwe kahle, zingabanomphumela omuhle ezingeni lokukhula komnotho wezwe. Uma zingenziwe kahle umphumela wazo ungaba owesikhashana, zigcine ngokwehlisa inani lemali ebekelwe impesheni.

Ucwaningo lweBhange loMbuso luveza ukuthi izinguquko zakuleli zwe zenziwe ngokucophelela ngoba zizonika amalungu ezikhwama zempesheni ithuba lokuphefumula kwezezimali kanti zizokwandisa amathuba okubekela ingomuso.

FUNDA NALAPHA: https://www.umbele.co.za/2024/08/01/zizoziphendulela-izikhwama-zempesheni-uma-abantu-bengayitholi-imali-umlawuli/