Kuningi okwenza abesifazane abamnyama baswele umsebenzi, kuloba uJabulani Sikhakhane.
BASATHWELE kanzima abantu besifazane kwezomnotho. Umbiko omusha okhishwe yiStatistics South Africa (iStats SA) ukhombisa ukuthi bayaqhubeka nokuthwala ijoka elisindayo kunabesilisa ngokwamathuba omsebenzi. Ngisho nabafundile imbala bathwele kanzima kunabesilisa abasezingeni elifanayo.
Loku kuvezwa wumbiko weStats SA ngamathuba emisebenzi nesibalo sabantu abantula umsebenzi ezinyangeni ezintathu ku-2025 (kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya ngoJuni.).
Lo mbiko uveza ukuthi isibalo sabantu abantula umsebenzi ngo-Ephreli kuya ngoJuni kulo nyaka sinyuke safinyelela ku-33,2%. Ingxenye yabesifazane entula umsebenzi iwu-35,9%, idlula eyabesilisa ewu-31%.
NgokweStats SA, le mininingwane ikhomba ukuqhubeka kokuthwala kanzima kwabantu besifazane ngokomsebenzi.
Okokuqala, lincane inani labantu besifazane elisebenzayo, abaningi bahlala emakhaya, abanye bakhulisa izingane.
Okwesibili, kunezingxenye zomnotho wezwe lapho abantu besifazane bengatholi amathuba khona.
Phezu kokuthi imfundo ithathwa njengesikhali esibalulekile sokuvula amathuba omnotho, ikakhulu awomsebenzi, ithanda ukungabasebenzeli abesifazane.
Kutholakala ukuthi isibalo sabantu abaneziqu zasenyuvesi abaswele umsebenzi sibalelwa ku-12,2% wengxenye yabantu abaphakathi kuka-15 no-64 abathathwa njengabalungele ukusebenza, phecelezi i-labour force.
Nalapha liselikhulu igebe phakathi kwabesifazane nabesilisa. U-15% wonke wabesifazane abaneziqu bantula imisebenzi. Kwabesilisa, bangu-8,9% kuphela.
Uma kubhekwa ukuthi obani abangabaphathi emisebenzini, likhona leligebe futhi ezikhundleni zezimenenja, ingxenye yezisebenzi zonkana zesifazane ezibayizimenenja ingu-6,8%, abesilisa babe ngu-10,7%.
Noko emkhakheni wabantu abafundele umsebenzi (u-7,6% wabesifazane kuno–4,5% wabesilisa) nowezingcweti (u-10,6% wabesifazane kuno-8,3% wabesilisa) bahamba phambili abesifazane uma beqhathaniswa nabesilisa.
Kubantu abaphothule uMatikuletsheni kodwa bangadlulela ezikhungweni zomfundo ephakeme, liyatholakala leli gebe. Bawu-39,3% abantu besifazane lapha abaswele imisebenzi, abesilisa babewu-31,7%.
Noma igebe lilincanyana kunalabaneziqu, nabangaphothulanga uMatikuletsheni ukhona umehluko. Babalelwa ku-42,8% abantu besifazane abeswele umsebenzi, kuno-37% wabesilisa.
Leli gebe likhomba umthwalo ombaxambili othwelwe ngabesifazane. Vele mancane amathuba okuthola umsebenzi kubantu abangaphothulanga uMatikuletsheni kodwa abantu besifazane babuye bathwale omunye, okungowezingqinamba ngobulili babo.
Umsuka waleli gebe yisibalo sabantu besifazane abaneminyaka ephakathi kwewu-15 newu-64 abaqala ukusebenza eNingizimu Afrika. Isizathu esibekwa yiningi labantu besifazane sokungasebenzi wukuthi banakekela imindeni. Abantu besifazane abawu-2.1 million babeka lesi sizathu. Bawu-280 000 kuphela abantu besilisa ababika ukuthi abasebenzi ngoba bebheke umndeni.
Noma selinciphile igebe phakathi kwesibalo sabesifazane nesabesilisa esisebenzayo kusukela ngo-2015, esinciphe ngo-12,9 percentage points, kodwa lisephezulu ku-10,7 percentage points.
Nokho lingaphansi kwelo mhlaba wonke, ngokwe-International Labour Organization, ebika ukuthi bawu-47% abantu besifazane ababalwa njengezisebenzi, abesilisa babewu-72%, okwenza igebe lika-25 percentage points.
Ukwehla kwaleli gebe eNingizimu Afrika kuchaza ukwanda kwabantu besifazane abaqala ukusebenza. I-Stats SA ithi ingxenye enkulu yabo u-32,8% iqashwe engxenyeni yomnotho ebizwa nge-community and social services. Ixube ezemfundo, ezempilo, ezenhlalakahle nezinye izingxenye zemikhakha kahulumeni.
Kulandela ingxenye yezohwebo ngo-20,6%, ezezimali ngo-18% bese kube eyasezindlini ngo-11,4%, ezokuthutha ngo-2,5%, ezokwakha ngo-1,9% nasezimayini ngo-1%, abesifazane bayingxenye encane yezisebenzi zalezi zimboni.
Eminye imininingwane ethusayo ngamathuba omsebenzi ezweni wukwanda kwabantu abaneziqu abaswele umsebenzi. Zimbili izizathu ezenza kuthuse loku.
Esokuqala wukuthi izinga eliphakeme lemfundo lithathwa njengemvulamathuba entuthuko.
Esesibili wukwanda kwabantu abaneziqu abangatholi umsebenzi kungaba yinkomba yokubandlululwa kwabantu abamnyama.
Isibalo sabantu abaneziqu abaswele umsebenzi siwu-12,2% manje, sisuka ku-5,8% ngo-2008. Ukunyuka kwalesi sibalo kuhambisana nezinto ezimbili.
Eyokuqala wukunyuka kwesibalo sabamnyama abaneziqu bese eyesibili kubewukunyuka kwezinga lokusweleka komsebenzi kuzo zonke izimboni.
Ngo-2008 abantu abamnyama ababeneziqu babewu-37% wabo bonke abantu baseNingizimu Afrika abaneziqu zemfundo ephakeme. Ngo-2023 lesi sibalo sinyuke saya ku-52%.
Nalapha abamnyama abaneziqu yibo abathwele kanzima kunezinye izinhlanga, ngokophenyo losomnotho oNksz uHannah MacGinty no-Emma Whitelaw. Abantu abamnyama abaneziqu babeswele imisebenzi ngo-2023 babewu-18% , kuthi kubelungu babewu-3,7% kuphela.
Ziningana izizathu ezingadala leli gebe ngokobuhlanga, phakathi kwazo okungabawukuqhubeka kobandlululo. Esinye noko kungaba wuhlobo lwezikole abantu abamnyama abafunde kuzona.
Kunamahemuhemu athi abaqashi abaningi abasagcini nje ngokuphenya ukuthi ongaba isisebenzi unaziqu zini, babheka nokuthi wafunda kusiphi isikole.
Ingxenye enkulu yabantu abamnyama eneziqu iphuma ezikoleni zikahulumeni, ikakhulu lezo ezingahlinzekiwe kahle uma ziqhathaniswa nohlobo lwezikole ezingaphansi kukahulumeni ezitholakala ezindaweni okwakungezabelungu kuphela kudala.
Uma sekufikwa kubaqashi, bathatha ngokuthi ofunde esikoleni esisendaweni yabelungu uthole isisekelo esingcono kwezemfundo kunowasesikoleni esingahlinzekiwe kahle ngezinsiza zemfundo.
