Kusho ukuthini ukwehlisa izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali, kuloba uJabulani Sikhakhane

IBHANGE lomBuso liphezu komkhankaso wokwehlisa izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali eliqondwe yileli bhange, phecelezi i-inflation target. 

Libalulekile leli zinga ngoba ilo eliba yisisekelo esimqoka sezinqumo ngezinga lemalimboleko.

Limagange iBhange lomBuso ngalolu shintsho. Lihlongoza ukuthi izinga eliqondiwe lehliselwe ku-3%. Okwamanje kuqondwe izinga eliphakathi kuka-3% no-6%, nakuba eminyakeni edlule beselisebenzela ezingeni eliwu-4.5%. 

FUNDA NALAPHA: https://www.umbele.co.za/2025/05/22/kubuyekezwa-umgomo-wokunquma-amandla-emali/

Leli bhange lithi izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali, phecelezi i–inflation, eNingizimu Afrika lingaphezu kunelamazwe asezingeni afanayo naleli zwe kwezentuthuko futhi lingaphezulu kunelamazwe ahwebelana nezwe.

Udala izinkinga lo mehluko. Inkinga enkulu wuphoqa ukuthi intengo yemali yezwe ezimakethe zomhlaba, phecelezi i-foreign exchange rate, yehle njalo ngonyaka. Uma umehluko uwu-5% ngonyaka, intengo yerandi kufanele yehle ngezinga elingekho ngaphansi kuka-5% njalo ngonyaka ukuze izimpahla ezidayiswa yiNingizimu Afrika kwamanye amazwe zikwazi ukuncintisana nezivela kwamanye amazwe.

Yingakho osomnotho be-International Monetary Fund (i-IMF) bethi ukwehlisa izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali eliqondwe yiBhange lomBuso kungadala ukunyuka kwamandla emali yezwe ezimakethe zezimali, okunganciphisa isibalo sezimpahla ezidayiswa yileli kwamanye amazwe. Ukwehla kwesikali sezimpahla ezidayiswa kwamanye amazwe kungabayinto yesikhashana.

Izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali, liphinde libaluleke ngoba liwumthwalo ohlala kanzima emahlombe abantu abahola kancane nabahluphekayo. Isizathu wukuthi abantu abazimele (nabahola kakhulu) bayakwazi ukuthola inzuzo ngemali abayibekile, ikakhulu engaphandle kwasebhange, esezingeni elidlula elokwehla kwamandla emali.

Okwesibili, imizi yabo isezindaweni lapho intengo ivame ukunyuka ngezinga elilingana noma elingaphezu kwelokwehla kwamandla emali.

Abantu abahola kancane nabahluphekayo abanawo la mathuba ngoba okuncane abanako kufanele bakusebenzisele izindleko zansuku zonke. Nabakubeka ebhange akutholi inzalo etheni futhi ayedluli izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali.

Osomnotho abazimele bayavumelana nokushiwo yiBhange lomBuso. Nokho bexwayisa ngokuthi lolu shintsho kufanele lwenziwe ngokucophelela futhi lwenziwa ngesikhathi esingathatha iminyaka engafika kwemihlanu. Bathi ushintsho olunje lungadala izinkinga kwezomnotho, ikakhulu ezingeni lokunyuka komkhiqizo wezwe. Kuyazeka-ke ukuthi sekuyiminyaka engaphezulu kweyishumi izinga lokunyuka komkhiqizo wezwe lisezingeni elingaphansi kuka-2%. 

Ezesikhashana nokho lezi zinkinga. Zingadlula. Uma becubungula indlela esiyahanjwa ngamanye amazwe yokwehlisa izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali eqondwe yiBhange lomBuso, kunengcuphe yomonakalo emkhiqizweni wezwe.

Uhulumeni nebhange lawo benza ushintsho ngo-2000 emgomweni osetshenziswa yileli bhange ukunquma imali yenzalo. Bangenisa uhlobo lomgomo oludume nge-inflation targeting, ochaza ukuthi iBhange lomBuso likhetha izinga elithile lokwehla kwamandla emali. Ukunyuka kwezinga lokwehla kwamandla emali ngaphezu kweliqondwe yibhange kusho ukunyuswa kwemali yenzalo.

Kwanqunywa ukuthi kubekwe izinga eliphakathi kuka-3% no-6%, kuhloswe ukuthi lincishiswe libekwe phakathi kuka-3% no-5% emva kweminyakana. Akwenzekanga ngenxa yezinkinga ezimakethe zomhlaba okwadalwa yizinkinga emazweni ase-Asia.

Lolu shintsho lwahambisana nokusungulwa kwekomiti laleli bhange elibhekene nalo msebenzi iMonetary Policy Committee, elihlangana kasikhombisa ngonyaka, elithatha izinqumo ngezinga lenzalo. 

Leli komiti linquma izinga lenzalo lelibhange elibolekisa ngalo imali emabhange azimele. Amabhange azimele avamile ukuboleka imali eBhange lomBuso ukukhokhelana wodwa izikweletu.

Uma linyusa lenzalo, liphoqa amabhange ukuthi anyuse izinga lenzalo abolekisa imali ngalo, njengabantu abathenga izindlu nezimoto.

Uma lithatha izinqumo lel ikomiti aliyi ngokuthi izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali belikuphi izolo. Leli zinga likalwa nge-consumer price index. Kulesi sikali kusetshenziswa amanani ezidingo nezimpahla ezingaphezulu kuka-400 ezithengwa abathengi bakuleli. I-Stats SA iqoqa imininingwane ngamanani alezi zimphahla nezidingo.

Ikomiti leBhange lomBuso libheka phambili, ukuthi ezinyangeni ezizayo lingaselibe kuphi leli zinga lokwehla kwamandla emali. Isizathu saloku ukuthi ukunyusa imali yenzalo kuthatha isikhathi esingaba unyaka kuya ezinyangeni eziwu-18 ngaphambi kokuthi igalelo lalesi sinyathelo libonakale ngokuphelele.

Ukunyuka kwemali yenzalo kunciphisa imali abathengi abangayisebenzisa ukuthenga izimpahla nezinye izidingo zempilo. Uma lehla inani labantu abafuna ukuthenga kusho ukwehla kwezinga lokunyuka kwamanani ezitolo. Yingakho nje osomnotho be-IMF bethi ushintsho ezingeni lokwehla kwamandla emali eliqondwe yiBhange lomBuso kungadala ukwehla ngo-0.4% kwezinga lokukhula komnotho enyakeni wokuqala olandela lolu shintsho. Ukwehla kwezinga lokukhula komnotho kungancipha eminyakeni emibili elandelayo. 

Mkhulu-ke umehluko lapha phakathi kokwehla kwezinga lokunyuka kwamanani namanani. Ukwehla kwezinga lamanani akusho ukuthi intengo yezimpahla ezitolo isiyehlile. 

Singalinganisa nje ngesivinini semoto. Uma umshayeli ehlisa isivinini sisuka ku-120 km/h siya ku-80 km/h, akusho ukuthi imoto isimile nse. Nezinga lokwehla kwamandla kwamandla emali lisebenza ngendlela ecishe ifane naloku.