Umgomo we-EU uzothwalisa kanzima amafemu asezweni, kuloba uJabulani Sikhakhane 

AMAFEMU aseNingizimu Afrika adayisa umkhiqizo wawo emazweni angamalungu enyunyana yase-Europe i-European Union (i-EU) azothwala kanzima ngenxa yomgomo omusha osuqalile ukusebenza okuhloswe ngawo ukwehlisa ubuthi obungcolisa umkhathi.

Ukungcola komkhathi kuhambisana nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu njengokwanda kwesomiso kwezinye izindawo kanti kwezinye kube nezikhukhula. 

Sikhuluma nje amazwe afana neMalawi neZambia akhungethwe yisomiso esesibhubhise ingxenye enkulu yezolimo, ikakhulukazi umbila odliwa kakhulu kula mazwe.

Inkinga ebhekene namafemu akuleli zwe yizindleko zokumelana nalo mgomo, ikakhulukazi ingxenye edinga amafemu abenamasu okwehlisa izinga lobuthi obungcolisa umkhathi.

I-EU isinomgomo osanda kuqala ukusebenza olawula ukuthi abakhiqizi abathumela izimpahla kufanele babenezitifiketi ezibalula ukuthi bungakanani ubuthi obungcolisa umkhathi obudaleke ngesikhathi kukhiqizwa lezo zimpahla. 

Okwesibili, kufanele babike ukuthi mizamo mini abayenzayo ukwehlisa inani lalo buthi obubizwa ngokuthi phecelezi, ama-greenhouse gas emission. 

Umbiko okhishwe wongoti bezomnotho abacubungula ngohwebo phakathi kwamazwe uthi izwe lisengcupheni enkulu ngenxa yalo mgomo. Isizathu wukuthi ingxenye enkulu (u-80%) kagesi ezweni uphehlwa ngamalahle.

Ososayensi besimo somkhathi nesimo sezulu bathi amalahle yiwo akhiqiza kakhulu ubuthi obungcolisa umkhathi. Emazweni asesimweni esifanayo neNingizimu Afrika ngokwentuthuko yezomnotho ugesi wamalahle uwu-15% kuphela. Leli gebe lizobeka amafemu akuleli zwe engcupheni, ikakhulukazi ezimpahleni ancintisana ngazo namazwe angozakwabo ngokwentuthuko.

Ukuguqula lesi simo, ukunciphisa ukuthembela kwezwe kugesi okhiqizwa ngamalahle akuyona into elula. Kungathatha isikhathi eside. Amanye amazwe aseYurophu aseneminyaka ehlela ukwehlisa ugesi ophehlwa ngezindlela ezingcolisa umkhathi, enyusa ovuselelwayo njengophehlwa ngomoya.

Okwesibili, ushintsho oludingeka ezweni ngokukhiqiza ugesi ludinga imali enkulu, into iNingizimu Afrika engenayo kulezi zinsuku. Sikhuluma nje uhulumeni usemkhankasweni wokwehlisa umthwalo wawo wezikweletu. 

Ohulumeni kwamanye amazwe baphezu kwezinguquko ezifana nalezi bavame ukuba nesandla esikhulu ukusiza amafemu ukumelana nezindleko zalezi zinguquko. 

Lolu sizo lungaba kabili. Uhulumeni ungelekelela ngokunika amafemu ikhefu ukukhokha intela noma ukhiphe isamba semali yokuwaxhasa.

Okunye, lolu shintsho luhambisana nokulahleka kwamathuba emisebenzi ezimayini ezikhiqiza amalahle. Kuleli zwe, amalahle amaningi aseMpumalanga. Loku kusho ukuthi lesi sifundazwe esithwele kanzima ngakolunye uhlangothi ngobuthi obungcolisa umkhathi  sisengcupheni yokulahlekelwa amathuba emisebenzi ezimayini zamalahle.

Umbiko weTrade & Industrial Policy Strategies, edume kakhulu ngokuthi yiTIPS, uthi umkhiqizo wakuleli zwe othunyelwe kula mazwe osengcupheni okwamanje ulinganiselwa ku$2.8 billion (uR52 bn). 

Lesi samba singabalelwa ku-0% womkhiqizo iNingizimu Afrika ewudayisela i-EU ngonyaka. Kulindeleke ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi amazwe e-EU andise izimpahla ezingaphansi kwalo mgomo, okuzokwandisa nomkhiqizo waseNingizimu Afrika osengcupheni.

I-TIPS ibika ukuthi kusukela ngo-Okthoba wangonyaka odlule kuze kushaye uDisemba wango-2025 amafemu adayisa izimpahla kwi-EU kumele abike kuphela inani lobuthi obungcolisa unkhathi obukhiqiziwe ngesikhathi kwenziwa lezo zimpahla. Kepha kusukela ngo-2026, amafemu aseyokhokha intela eyosuselwa enani lobuthi obungcolisa umkhathi ezimpahleni ezingeniswa emazweni e-EU.

Nokho amafemu akuleli zwe, ngokombiko weTIPS, akhononda ngokuthi sincane isikhathi asinikwe yi-EU ukuzilungiselela. Akhala kakhulu ngokuthi lo mgomo udinga amafemu ukuthi abenezinhlelo zokubheka nokuqopha inani lalo  buthi. Maningi namanye amafemu angazi lutho ngalo mgomo.

I-TIPS ixwayisa ngokuthi lesi simo sibeka amafemu engcupheni yokuzithola esehlawuliswa yi-EU uma kutholakala ukuthi awalandeli okubekwe yilo mgomo. Namafemu akwazi ukumelana nokubekwe yilo mgomo azobhekana nezindleko zokusungula izinhlelo zokubheka nokuqopha ukuthi indlela akhiqiza ngayo idala ubuthi obungakanani ngenani lezimpahla azithumela kwi-EU.

Enye inkinga ebekwa yiTIPS wukuthi lo mgomo we-EU uyindlela yokushayela iNingizimu Afrika umthetho onquma ukuthi kumele yehlise ngejubane elingakanani inani lobuthi obungcolisa umkhathi. Loku kuphuca leli zwe amandla okuzibusa nokuzishayela imithetho yalo.

Nokho i-EU izivikela ngokuthi lo mgomo kuhloswe ngawo ukuthi kubekwe ezingeni elifanayo umkhiqizo ovela kwamanye amazwe nokhiqizwa ngaphakathi kwemingcele yayo. 

Okunye, ithi lomgomo kuhloswe ngawo ukuzivikela ukuze imithetho elawula izinga lobuthi obungcolisa umkhathi ingawiswa yizimpahla ezivela kwamanye amazwe.

Okwamanje lo mgomo uzosebenza ezimpahleni i-EU ethi ukukhiqizwa kwazo kudla ugesi kakhulu. Phakathi kwalezi zimpahla singabala izinhlobo ezihlukene zensimbi (njenge-steel ne-aluminium), usimende nomanyolo. 

Nokho uma sekwandiswa izimpahla ezingena ngaphansi kwalo mgomo, izimoto ezakhiwa kuleli zwe bese zidayiswa  eYurophu nazo zizolawulwa yilo mgomo. Yingakho amafemu ezimoto eseqalile ukuphenya ngezinye izindlela zokuzikhiqizela ugesi, okuyizinyathelo ezizodinga ukuthi kutshalwe imali. 

I-TIPS ibika ukuthi uhulumeni uyaqhubeka ukuxoxisana ne-EU ngalolu daba, ikakhulukazi ukuthi ayikho indlela yokwehlisela izinkampani zakuleli zwe umthwalo wokumelana nalo mgomo.

FUNDA NALAPHA: https://www.umbele.co.za/2022/07/13/uyancomeka-umsebenzi-wethimba-likamminele-wokuvikela-imvelo-nomnotho-kuloba-ubusi-mavuso/