Kusinda kwehlela emnothweni waseNingizimu Afrika ukhula kancane, kuloba uJabulani Sikhakhane
UMNOTHO waseNingizimu Afrika usubuyele emgudwini wawo ojwayelekile lapho ukhula khona ngezinga elingaphansi kwephesenti.
Loku kubikezela ukuqhubeka kwesimo esinzima ezweni sokushoda kwemisebenzi nokumpitsheka kukahulumeni ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuqoqa imali yentela elingene izidingo zokuthuthukisa izwe.
Izinga eliphansi lokukhula komnotho sekuyinto yeminyaka ewu-15, okuyisizathu esikhulu sobunzima obuthwelwe uhulumeni ngesimo sezimali nokuntuleka kwemisebenzi.
Isilinganiso sokukhula komnotho ngo-2023 esikhishwe yiStatistics SA kuleli sonto sikhomba ukuthi umnotho ukhule ngo-0,6%, okuyizinga elehle kakhulu kunelango-2022 (1.9%). Izinga lokukhula komnotho lenyuka lafinyelela ku-4.7% ngo-2021.
Nokho loku kwabe kwuvuka kwabafileyo komnotho emva kokuvalwa kwengxenye enkulu yawo izinyanga ngo-2021 ngoba kuncishiswa amathuba okwanda okubhebhetheka kwe-COVID-19.
Umqulu obuyekeza isimo somnotho ezweni owakhishwa wumNyango weziMali ngenyanga edlule uveza konke ngesimo somnotho ezweni eminyakeni ewu-15 edlule. Uthi izinga lokukhula komnotho alikho phansi nje kuphela kodwa liyehla.
Enye imbangela wukwehluleka kwe-Eskom ukukhiqiza ugesi owenele izidingo zezwe ngaso sonke isikhathi nokungasebenzi ngendlela kweTransnet ephethe izitimela namachweba.
Ngokwalo mqulu, ukwehluleka kwalezi zinkampani ezimbili zikahulumeni kwashiya umnotho wezwe umncane ngoR2 trillion phakathi kwango-2011 nango-2019, okuyisibalo esesinyuke kakhulu eminyakeni edlule.
Inkulu le ngozi eyagqenywa umnotho wezwe yi-Eskom neTransnet uma iqhathaniswa nesilinganiso esiwuR7trn sakamuva seStats SA sobukhulu bomnotho ngo-2023.
UmNyango weziMali uqhubeka uthi umonakalo odalwa yilezi zinkampani zombili wenyuke kakhulu kule minyaka edlule. Ngo-2023, izinga lokucinywa kukagesi lenyuka kakhulu ledlula yonke eminye iminyaka, kanti kwenyuka kakhulu nokuhluleka kweTransnet ukumelana nezidingo zabezimayini nezamabhizinisi angenisa izimpahla ezweni aphinde azithumele nakwamanye amazwe ngokusebenzisa amachweba.
UmGcinimafa ukhomba ukuthi izinga lokukhula komnotho sekuneminyaka lingaphansi kwelokwanda kwabantu ezweni. Yisikali esibalulekile lesi ngoba siyinkomba yokuhluleka komnotho ukumelana nezidingo zezwe. Sikhomba ukwanda kwabantu abangenawo amandla okumelana nezidingo zempilo.
I-World Bank sekuneminyaka ikhomba ukuthi ukwehla kwezinga lokukhula komnotho eminyakeni ewu-15 sekubuyisele iNingizimu Afrika emuva ohlangothini lokunciphisa abantu abangakwazi ukumelana nezidingo zempilo.
“INingizimu Afrika yaba nenqubekela phambili enkulu ekuphuculweni kwezimpilo zabantu kusukela ngo-1994 kodwa konke loku kwama nse” ngenxa yokwehla kwezinga lokukhula komnotho eminyakeni ewu-15. Leli bhange libika ukuthi seliyenyuka futhi inani labantu abangakwazi ukuziphilisa.
Loku kufazakelwa wumqulu womNyango wezimali, nawo obika ukunyuka kwenani labampofu. Uthi isizathu wukwehla kwengxenye yabantu abasebenzayo. Leli nani lehla lisuka ku-45% ngo-2008 lafinyelela ku-38% ngo-2022.
Kuzokhumbuleka ukuthi uma kukalwa abantu abasebenzayo nabantula umsebenzi akuthathwa wonke umuntu ezweni kodwa abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-15 no-64.
Nakuleli qoqo, kunezigaba ezishiywayo, njengabafundi nezitshudeni. Nokho umnyango uthi ukwanda kwenani labantu abaxhaswa wuhulumeni luyazisiza lezi zakhamuzi.
Umbiko weStats SA kuleli sonto uthi umkhakha wezimali (phakathi kwazo esingabala amabhange, izinkampani zomshwalense nezinkampani eziphathelene nezamabhilidi) zibe negalelo elikhulu ezingeni lokukhula komnotho.
Le ngxenye yomnotho yiyo enkulu kunazo zonke njengoba yenza u-21.5% wengxenye yomnotho wezwe, ilandelwe eyamafemu akhiqiza impahla, yona ewu-13%.
Ukukhula komkhakha wezimali kubikezela ubunzima ngakwamathuba emisebenzi. Le ngxenye yomnotho iqasha kakhulu abantu abanamakhono nabaphothule uMatikuletsheni. Ingxenye enkulu yabantu abantula imisebenzi abangaphothulanga imfundo nabangafundele khono.
Ezokuthutha, ezezindawo zokubeka izimpahla neyezokuxhumana nazo zibe neqhaza elikhulu. Ingxenye ezolimo, amahlathi nokudoba inciphile ngo-2023. Nebunjwa ngezohwebo, izindawo zokuhlala izivakashi nezidayisa ukudla okuphekiwe.
Ezokumbiwa phansi nazo zinciphile, okuhambisana nesimemezelo somNyango weZimali sokuthi imali yentela ephuma kule mboni yehle kakhulu ngalo nyaka wezezimali zikahulumeni. Nombiko obuyekeza ukusebenza kwezokumbiwayo okhishwe yiMinerals Council of South Africa ngenyanga edlule ukhomba ukwehla kwegalelo emnothweni wezwe.
Lo mbiko uthi umkhiqizo wezokumbiwa phansi wehla ngo-0,3% ngo-2023. Neqhaza lezokumbiwayo lehla njengengxenye yomnotho wezwe lafinyelela ku-6.2%, lisuka ku-7.3% ngo-2022.
Ukudayisa i-platinum kwehla ngo-33% uma kuqhathaniswa no-2022, kanti ukukhiqizwa kwayo kwehla ngo11%. I-Minerals Council of South Africa ithi ingxenye enkulu ye-platinum imbiwa phansi ezinzulwini zomhlaba, okuyindlela edinga ukutholakala kukagesi owenele ngaso sonke isikhathi. Nokuyihluza kusebenzisa ugesi omningi.
Lo mkhandlu uthi ngo-2023 ukucinywwa kukagesi kwenyuka kwafinyelela emahoreni angu-6,760 kusuka kwawu- 3,751 ngo-2022.Izinkampani embonini yokumbiwayo sezimemezele ukuthi zizodiliza izisebenzi ngenxa yesimo esinzima. Kwizizathu zibala ukwehla kakhulu kwentengo yomkhiqizo wazo, ikakhulukazi i-platinum namalahle, ukungatholakali kukagesi owanele ngaso sonke isikhathi, ubunzima bokuthutha amalahle netshe lensimbi ngololiwe nezingqinamba echwebeni lamahle eRichards Bay.
