ISabelomali sizame ukulungisa eyesikweletu sezwe ngaphandle kokuvala umbele
WUSLINDILE KHANYILE
UHULUMENI uzosebenzisa uR150 billion eminyakeni emithathu ezayo ukunciphisa isikweletu sezwe, imali ezocashunwa esikhwameni esiwugadingozi esibizwa ngokuthi yi-Gold and Foreign Exchange Contingency Reserve Account Reform, esenganyelwe yiBhange loMbuso.
Yisona simemezelo esikhulu esiqhamuke kwiSabelomali sango-2024/25 esethulwe wuNgqongqoshe weziMali uMnu u-Enoch Godongwana namhlanje.
Ngonyaka wezimali u-2024/25 uhulumeni uzothatha uR100bn kulesi sikhwama, kuthi ngo-20025/26 uthathe uR25bn kuthi ngo-2026/27 uphinde uthathe omunye uR25bn
Isiyonke imali ezothathwa kulesi sikhwama wuR250bn kodwa uR100bn uzobuyiselwa kwiBhange loMbuso ukubheka izindleko ezibizwa ngama-sterilisation cost nokucupha uma kwenzeka irandi liba namandla ngoba lokho kuzosho ukwehla kwenzalo engena kulesi sikhwama uma irandi lintekenteke.
UmQondisi-Jikelele emNyangweni weziMali uDkt uDuncan Pieterse ugcizelele ukuthi akuyona imali lo mnyango oyithola mahhala nokuthi kumqoka ukuthi bangahhunduli yonke into ukuvikela iBhange loMbuso.
Loku kuzonciphisa izindleko zesikweletu zeNingizimu Afrika njengoba isikweletu kungenye yezinto eziklinya umnotho okhula cishe ngo-0.8% kusukela ngo-2012.
Isikweletu sikahulumeni kulindeleke ukuthi sinyukele kuR6.29 trillion ngo-2026/27 (okuwu-74.7% womthamo womnotho) sisuka kuR5.21trn ngo-2023/24 (okuwu-73.9% womthamo womnotho).
Ngesikhathi kwethulwa iSabelomali saphakathi konyaka wezimali, i-Medium Term Budget Policy Statement (iMTBPS), kwakuhlawumbiselwe ukuthi isikweletu sizokhuphukela ku-77% womthamo womnotho. Kepha isinqumo sikahulumeni sokucaphuna esikhwameni sokugada ingozi senze kwagwemeka loku.
Nemali uhulumeni osekubhekwe ukuthi uyiboleke izosuka kuR553.1bn ngo-2023/24 yehlele kuR428.5bn ngo-2026/27. Izindleko zesikweletu okukhona kuzo nenzalo sizoqala zibe ngcono njengoba zizoba wu-21.3% wemali engeniswa wuhulumeni ngo-2025/26 ngaphambi kokuqala zehle.
Uchaza umnyango ngendlela lezi zindleko ezithwalise kanzima uhulumeni ngayo, uthe bezidla ishumi kuwo wonke uR5 ongeniswa wuhulumeni kanti izinto ebezilimala kakhulu ezemfundo, ezenhlalakahle nezempilo.
“Uma siqhathanisa nonyaka odlule, iSabelomali sizoshoda ngo-4.9% womnotho, okusho ukuthi izindleko zesikweletu sezizonyuka ngoR15.7bn zifinyelele kuR356bn. Izindleko zesikweletu sezizodla ngaphezu kuka-20% wemali engenayo. Ukucacisa loku, imali yezindleko zesikweletu isingaphezu kwemali eyabelwa ezenhlalakahle, ezempilo noma ezokuthula nokuphepha,” kusho uGodongwana.
IBhange loMbuso lizosungula uhlaka olusha oluzosetshenziswa ukucaphuna esikhwameni esiwugadingozi. Ngo-2003, umgcinimafa wake watakula iBhange loMbuso ngoR28bn owafakwa kulesi sikhwama kanti kusukela ngaleso sikhathi le mali isikhule yafinyelela ngaphezu kukaR500bn.
Sisonke iSabelomali sango-2024/25 siwuR2.37trn. Kulindeleke ukuthi sinyukele kuR2.47trn ngo-2025/26 noR2.6trn ngo-2026/27. UmNyango weziMali uthe imali ozoyingenisa izoba ngaphezu kwezindleko zawo, nokuzoba ngokokuqala kusukela ngonyaka wezimali u-2008/09.
Kukhona uR251.3bn ohlinzekelwe iminyaka emithathu ezayo ukubhekana nezindleko zokunyuka kwemiholo yezisebenzi zikahulumeni nesibonelelo esiwuR350.
Lesi sibonelelo esibizwa nge-Social Relief of Distress Grant (iSRD) sethulwa ngesikhathi seCOVID-19 ukulekelela abantu abangasebenzi. Saqala kuthiwa kuzoba ngesesikhashana kodwa ngesikhathi seMTBPS, uGodongwana wathi sizolulwa kuze kube wuMashi ngo-2025.
Wu-R33.6bn owabelwe lesi sibonelelo kuze kube wu-2025. Nokho
kwiSabelomali sanamhlanje kubukeka sizoqhubeka ngisho usudlulile u-2025 njengoba kunemali ehlinzekelwe sona kuze kube wu-2026/27.
Isiyonke imali eyabelwe iSRD wuR217.1bn ngo-2023/24 kanti kubhekwe ukuthi inyukele kuR259.3bn ngo-2026/27. Abantu abahlomula kusona bazokhuphukela ku-19.7m ngo-2026/27 besuka ku18.8m ngo-2023/24.
Yize umGcinimafa ethe kusafanele kubhekwe ukuthi izotholakala kuphi le mali kodwa iPhini lomQondi-Jikelele wePublic Finance uDkt uMampho Modise lithe “kungaba yingozi ukungayihlinzekeli le mali”.
“Kukhona umsebenzi esiwenzayo ukuphucula isibonelelo seSRD ngo-Ephreli kulo nyaka. UmNyango weziMali uzosebenzisana nomNyango wokuThuthukisa ezeNhlalakahle ukuqinisekisa ukuthi okuphuculwayo kulesi sibonelelo kuba semthethweni,” kusho uGodongwana.
Khonamanjalo, izolo iStatistics South Africa ikhiphe izibalo ezitshengise ukuthi abantu abangasebenzi bande ngabawu-46 000 bafinyelela ku-7.9m ngekota yesine yango-2023.
Abasebenzayo banciphe ngabawu-22 000 bafinyelela ku-16.7m. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinga Labantu abangasebenzi eNingizimu Afrika seliwu-32.1%, lisuka ku-31.9%. Uma kusetshenziswa lezi zibalo ezibuka ngeso elibanzi, abantu abangasebenzi bawu-41.1%.
Uhlelo oluthinta imisebenzi olumenyezelwe kwiSabelomali lukamengameli i-Presidential Employment Initiative lwabelwe uR7.4bn ngo-2024/25. Lena yimali ethathwe kwezinye izinhlelo, eyezifundazwe nakwi-Unemployment Insurance Fund’s Labour Activation Programme.
Lolu hlelo olwethulwa ngo-2020 kanti umgcinimafa uthe selusize abantu abawu-1.7m.
“Cishe uR4bn uzosetshenziselwa ukuqasha abanye abasizi bothisha ngohlelo lokuqasha ezikoleni lwezifundazwe. Imali ewuR1.1bn izoyiswa kwiSocial Employment Fund eyenganyelwe yi-Industrial Development Corporation ukugqugquzela imisebenzi emiphakathini.
“Kukhona noR750m osuzosetshenziselwa uhlelo lokuqinisekisa ukuthi kunokudla okwanele iFood Security and Livelihoods Programme, ehlinzeka abantu abalimela ukuziphilisa ngama-voucher okuthenga abakudingayo ukulima,” kusho umgcinimafa.
Kukhona uR650m ozoya kwiCities Public Employment Programme, uR250m ozoya kwiNational Youth Service nomunye uR250m ozoya kwiNational Pathway Management Network ukuhlanganisa abantu abangasebenzi namathuba emisebenzi.
UGodongwana uthe kuzoqashwa amaphoyisa amasha awu-10 000.
Njengoba ayeshilo uGodongwana ngeMTBPS, iSabelomali siphakamise ukuthi imali esetshenziswa wuhulumeni incishiwe ngoR80.6bn uma kuqhathaniswa neSabelomali sango-2023/24.
