Kumqoka okuvezwa yiStats SA ngezinhlobo zezivakashi, kuloba uJabulani Sikhakhane
IYAQHUBEKA nokusimama imboni yezokuvakasha ezweni. Le mboni yakhanyezwa wukuhlasela kwe-COVID-19 ngoMashi wango-2020 ngoba kwadingeka uhulumeni uvale imingcele yezwe ukungqanda ukubhebhetheka kwegciwane.
Imininingwane esanda kukhishwa yiStatistics South Africa ngale mboni ikhomba ukuthi liyaqhubeka nokwanda inani lezivakashi zakwamanye amazwe. Kunomphumela omkhulu emnothweni wezwe ukufika kwezivakashi eziphuma kwamanye amazwe. Kuxhasa izindawo zezokuvakasha, njengamahhotela, ezokungcebeleka, izikhungo ezigcina amagugu esizwe, amapaki nezindawo zokudlela.
Kudala amathuba omsebenzi, ikakhulukazi inhlobo engadingi amakhono namava omsebenzi. Le nhlobo yemisebenzi ibalulekile ezweni elifana neNingizimu Afrika elikhungethwe wukuntuleka kwemisebenzi, umthwalo ohleli kakhulu emahlombe entsha, abantu abangenawo amakhono nesipiliyoni somsebenzi, abanezinga lemfundo eliphansi nabantu besifazane.
Umkhombandlela wokuthuthukisa izwe, phecelezi i-National Development Plan, ubalula ukuthi imboni yezokuvakasha ibalulekile nasemkhakheni wokusungula amabhizinisi amancane. Phakathi kwawo singabala izindawo zokuhlala, ezokudla, nezokuthutha izivakashi zihanjiswe ezikhungweni ezifana namapaki nezigcina amagugu.
Ingxenye enkulu (u74%) yezivakashi ezweni ziphuma emazweni angomakhelwane, ikakhulukazi iZimbabwe, iMozambique neLesotho. Eziqhamuka ngaphandle kwe-Afrika zenza u-24%. Ingxenye enkulu (u-98%) yezivakashi zingene ezweni ngoba zize eholidini bese kuthi ingxenye esele ngeyabazosebenza, abazofunda emanyuvesi nabazolashwa.
Kwezingene ngoba zizolashwa, eziningi ziqhamuka e-Asia. Kwezizofunda, iMiddle East ihamba phambili, kulandele i-Asia, iCentral neSouth America bese kuba yiYurophu.
Uma iqhathaniswa nemininingwane yangoDisemba ngo-2022 eka-2023 ikhomba ukuthi inani lezivakashi ezivela kwamanye amazwe lasuka ku-1.9million lafinyelela ku-2.38m. Le mininingwane eqoshwa umNyango wezaseKhaya ihlanganiswe yinani lezivakashi eziqoshwe zingena ezweni neziphumayo sezigoduka.
Izivakashi eziningi (eziwu-365 130) ezangena ngezindiza zafikela e-OR Tambo International Airport, kwalandela iCape Town International Airport (ngeziwu-217 855) besekuthi iKing Shaka international Airport ibe neziwu-7 464.
Kuzokhumbuleka ukuthi iKing Shaka ayinazo izindiza eziningi eziphuma kwamanye amazwe ezingena ngayo. Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi izivakashi zakwamanye amazwe aziyi KwaZulu-Natali. Umthetho wezwe uthi izivakashi kumele ziqoshwe esikhungweni sokuqala ezingena ngaso ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nohambo lwazo.
Ingxenye enkulu, okungu-1.8m yangena ngezimoto, okukhomba ukuthi iningi ngabantu abaphuma kumazwe awomakhelwane.
Ezivakashini eziphuma ngaphandle kwase-Afrika, ingxenye enkulu iphuma eYurophu (iwu-63.5%), kulandele iNorth America (iwu-18.7%), i-Asia (iwu-8.2%) ne-Australasia (ingu-5.4%). Ngokwamazwe, i-United Kingdom ihamba phambili (iwu-20%). I-United Kingdom ihlanganisa isiqhingikazi (iGreat Britain, iScotland neWales) neNorthern Ireland. Kulandela iMelika (ngo-16.1%), iJalimane (ngo-12.3%), i-The Netherlands (ngo-6.5%) neFrance (ngo-5%), iNdiya, iCanada, iSwitzerland ne-Italy.
La mazwe ayishumi abumba u-75% wonke wezivakashi eziphuma emazweni angaphandle kwe-Afrika.
Le mininingwane ikhomba ukubaluleka kobude bohambo. Isivakashi esiqhamuka eYurophu sihamba amahora ayishumi nangaphezudlwana ukuza eNingizimu Afrika, okuwuhambo olungathatha ubusuku sifike ekuseni.
Okwesibili akukho mehluko otheni ngezikhathi zalapha namazwe aseYurophu, okusho ukuthi izivakashi azidingi isikhathi eside ukuzilungiselela ngoshintsho lwesikhathi. Akesilinganise, uma kuwu-6 ebusuku kuleli, kusuke kuwu-1 ekuseni e-Tokyo, inhlokodolobha yeJaphani, noma u-11 ekuseni eNew York, eMelika.
Lo mehluko wezikhathi uyawuvithiza umzimba okungenza isivakashi sidinge isikhathi esithe xaxa ukuzivuselela. Loku kusho ukwenyuka kwezindleko zokuvakasha.
Kungasho futhi ukuthi isivakashi esiqhamuka kude singanquma ukungavakashi unyaka nonyaka ngenxa yezindleko. Ngamanye amazwi, izivakashi eziqhamuka emazweni akude futhi anomehluko omkhulu eNingizimu Afrika ngokwezikhathi, zidinga ukuthola impatho enhle kakhulu uma zingena kuleli ukuze zikhuthazeke ukuphinde zibuye.
Nokho iNingizimu Afrika inezindawo zemvelo eziheha izivakashi eziphuma kwamanye amazwekazi.
Okwesibili, izivakashi eziphuma phesheya zivame ukuza ezweni ehlobo, okusuke kuwubusika lapho ziphuma khona. Imininingwane yeStats SA zikhomba ukuthi lezivakashi zithatha isikhathi eside (okuyizinsuku eziyisikhombisa) uma zivakashe ehlobo eNingizimu Afrika.
I-Stats SA ithi liyenyuka kakhulu inani lezivakashi eziphuma phesheya ngoJanuwari noMashi naphakathi kuka-Okthoba noDisemba okuyizikhathi eziqondene nobusika bamazwe aseNtshonalanga.
Elezivakashi zamazwe angomakhelwane lenyuka kakhulu ngoDisemba nangePhasika okuba wuMashi noma wu-Ephreli.
Nezivakashi zakwamanye amazwe ase-Afrika angewona omakhelwane bethu zithatha isikhathi esicela kwezinhlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa kanti ezingomakhelwane zona zithatha izinsuku ezimbili enyangeni.
Nalapha izindleko zokuza eNingizimu Afrika zinesandla kakhulu. Isivakashi esiphuma eTopiya kungasithatha isikhathi eside ukufika eNingizimu Afrika uma sihamba ngemoto, izindleko ezingagcina zedlule ezendiza. Nezendiza nazo azishibhile, okwenza isivakashi singezi njalo kuleli zwe kodwa uma kwenzeke savakasha sihlale izinsuku eziningi.
Yonke le mininingwane ibalulekile kubantu abanenhloso yokusungula amabhizinisi abheke izidingo zale mboni. Kumele baqaphele ukuthi ibhizinisi labo lizoncika kakhulu kwinhloboni yezivakashi – eziphuma ngaphakathi ezweni, emazweni angomakhelwane noma ezivela phesheya.
