Uvuka uzithathe kanjani ngemva koku‘shaywa’, kuloba uZama Simelane
EMASONTWENI amabili edlule kube nemibiko ethi emhlabeni jikelele kuhlaselwe noma ku‘shaywe’ izinkampani kusetshenziswa ama-server akwaMicrosoft. Loku kwenze ukuthi izinkampani zaseNingizimu Afrika, okubalwa namabhange kuzona, zaba sengcupheni. Udaba engilufundile ngale nto luthe iNingizimu Afrika ingenye yamazwe angaphephile emhlabeni ngenxa yokungazi ngezinto ezithinta ukuphepha kwi-internet, phecelezi i-cyber security. Yingakho-ke ngiphinda ngifisa ukudlula kuloku, ngigcizelele ubumqoka bokuhlala uqaphile kwezokuxhumana ngobuchwepheshe besimanje.
Usuyazazi ezinye izimpawu, esikhulume ngazo engosini edlule, zokuthi “ushayiwe” noma “udatshuliwe”, ngempela kwagcwaliseka ukuthi kunjalo. Wenzenjani, uvuka kanjani? Yiloko-ke esizokubheka kule ngosi, sibone ukuthi singakusiza kanjani. Kunezinto ongazenza uma “ushayiwe”, ezinye ngezivamile bese kuthi ezinye zithinte indlela “oshaywe” ngayo.
Ake sithi ushaywe nge-ransomware. Uma uvikile noma une-backup enhle, entsha nehloliwe, okudingeka ukuthi ukwenze wukubuyisela zonke izinto ezithintekile bese uqinisekisa ukuthi zibuye ngokuphelele. Uma uyilungu le-file storage cloud service, ungathinta umuntu okwenzelayo bese umchazela isimo sakho bese ekwazi ukukusiza.
Okunye wukuthi kunama-website angakwazi ukukusiza ukuthi ubuyelwe ngamafayela akho ngaphandle kokuthi ukhokhe “inhlawulo”, okuyinto ongakwazi ukuyenza ngokubona ukhiye noma i-encryption noma ubunjiniyela be-ransomware.
Uma kuyi-antivirus ewumbombayi eyenze washayeka, imvamisa ngenxa yobunjiniyela noma i-software epheshiwe, cisha ikhompyutha. Uma kukhona okufanele ukugcine, yenze njalo ngaphambi kokuthi uyicishe. Ngemva kwaloko vula umshini wakho uyibuyisele esimeni esingaphambili, ungakashayeki. Ama-operating system amaningi anezinto ezakhelwe loku.
Uma kungenzeka ukuthi unesiqiniseko sokuthi enye yama-akhawunti akho ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ashayiwe, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze wukuxwayisa abangani bakho nabantu bakini ukuthi bangavumi sicelo sokuba umngani wamuntu futhi bangaphenduli nkulumo ecela imali noma imininingwane yabo. Ngemva kwaloko kufanele ubike i-akhawunti yakho noma “iwele” layo. Okokugcina, uma usafisa ukusebenzisa i-akhawunti eshayiwe qinisekisa ukuthi ushintsha ama-password nezigaba eziningi zokuqinisekisa, phecelezi i-multi-factor authentication.
Uma kwenzeka ukuthi kushaywe amanye ama-akhawunti akho, njengoGoogle, thinta osondelene nabo okungenzeka ukuthi bathintekile bese uyibika leyo akhawunti ukuze oqondene nayo ayilungise. Uma ubusebenzisa i-login efanayo nakwamanye ama-website nama-akhawunti phuthuma ushintshe lawo ma-password bese uqaphela ngokuzayo.
Uma kwenzeka kufakwa i-software ongayilindele, qale ubheke i-task manager bese ucisha ama-program ongawazi, ucishe bese uphinde uvula ikhompyutha yakho. Ungavula ne“Check VirusTotal.com” kanti iVirustotal.com kaGoogle izokutshela ukuthi imaphi ama-program ayi-malware.
Uma kwenzeka i-mouse yakho izinyakazela, iziciphizela yona izinto, ake uyibheke kancane ubheke ukuthi isigilamkhuba sifuna ukwenzani, yini le esifuna ukuyigqekeza. Shutha i-screen ngenkathi ubuka ukuthi isigilamkhuba sifuna ukwenzani. Ngemva kwaloko, yicishe ikhompyutha ubhoncule intambo noma ucishe i-router bese ubiza ongoti. Udinga usizo longoti.
Ulandela loku okushiwo ngenhla, shintshela kwikhompyutha “oyaziyo elungile” ongayisebenzisa ukushintsha ama-login akho. Bheka ama-akhawunti asebhange, ucabange indaba yokukhokhela umuntu ogadelana imali. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi kukhona imali ekulahlekele, vumela abakwa-forensics benze ikhophi yesimo somshini wakho ngaphambi kokuthi uwulungise.
Kuyinhlanhla ukuthi isikhathi esiningi sokulahlekelwa yimali ngenxa yokuqolwa, amabhange amaningi ayayibuyisa imali. Kepha ukuzivikela nokuvimba ukulahlekelwa yimali, kudingeka ukuthi ufake izinto ezizokwazisa uma kwenzeka izinto ezingajwayelekile, zikuxwayise nangemali eya emazweni aphesheya.
Elokugcina ngalesi sihloko lithi ubugebengu kwi-internet bukhona njengokuhlukunyezwa kwabantu besifazane nanoma yikuphi obunye ubugebengu, ngakho-ke yiba yisakhamuzi esihle enkundleni yezokuxhumana ngobuchwepheshe, uqikelele ngokulandela izeluleko.
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