Hlala uphephile online ngokwenza nokuqaphela lezi zinto, kuloba uZama Simelane

SEKUPHELE amasonto amabili, kanti manje siphakathi kwelinye isonto elihle futhi. Yebo, ngisafisa ukuthi uphephe online, ngakho sizoqhubeka lapho esasigcine khona emasontweni edlule. Sagcina sichaze i-online safety, saxoxa ngokubaluleka kwakho nezito eziyingozi esizenza online. Njengoba sesazi ukubaluleka kokuphepha online, siphepha kanjani na? Kukodwa ukwazi ukuthi uhlala endaweni enengozi, angithi? Kodwa kusizani ukwazi loko kodwa uma ungazi ukuthi uphepha kanjani engozini?

Ngakho asihlale phezu kwendaba. Nazi izinto esingazenza nemigomo esingayilandela ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha (ezingeni elithile) emhlabeni we-internet:

• Sebenzisa ama-password anzima

  Kunomayini edinga i-password, qiniseka ukuthi ukhetha i-password enzima ngokwemihlahlandlela esuke ibekiwe futhi kubalekele ukusebenzisa i-password eyodwa (noma ukuyishintsha kancane) kuzo zonke izinto zakho.

• Ukuxhuma kwakho kwi-internet akube ngokuphephile

  Imigulukudu kwi-internet iyakwazi ukufohla ama-router asekhaya, ikwazi ukungena ezintweni ezisebenza ngobuchwepheshe ne-internet njengohlelo lokuzivikela ekhaya nama-smart doorbell. Wumsebenzi wakho ke ukwakha i-password enzima engeke itholakale kalula nokucabanga ukuthola i-cybersecurity software (noma i-antivirus) ezokwazi ukubona abantu abangemukelekille kwi-network yakho. Futhi, i-Virtual Private Network (iVPN) ngenye yezindlela ezihamba phambili zokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwe-internet connection yakho.

• Faka i-cybersecurity (i-antivirus) uvame ukuyivuselela

  Ukuzivikela wena, umndeni wakho nezisebenzi zakho (uma unebhizinisi) ekuzitholeni senivakashela ama-website okungesiwona, angase abe nobutha noma antshontshe imininingwane kuwe, faka i-antivirus ezokwazi ukuvikela wena nomndeni noma izisebenzi bakho nama-computer enu nonke.

• Thenga kuma-website aphephile kuphela

  Ukukwazi ukuthenga online ngenye yezinto ubuchwepheshe obenze ngayo impilo yalula ngendlela eyisimanga okungathi ekuthokozeleni kwethu into entsha esifisa ukuyithenga kube lula ukuthi singanaki izimpawu zokugetshengwa kanjalo nokuthenga kwi-website engavikeli imininingwane yethu. Uphawu oluhle lokuthi i-website iphephile ukuthi isebenzise i-HTTPS, okusho ukuthi inesitifiketi esivikela imininingwane yabantu abayivakashelayo ngokuyifihla ndlela thizeni. Ungazi ukuthi i-website isebenzisa i-HTTPS ngokubheka ukuqala kwe-URL (ikheli le-website) lapho libhalwa khona ikheli kwisiphequluli, uphinde wazi nangokuba khona kwengidi eduze kwekheli. Uma ungakuboni loku, yibambe khona lapho ungabe usaqhubeka nokuthenga obukuhlelile.

• Sebenzisa i-password management system

  Uma ungumuntu okhohlwayo, ongase akhohlwe yilama password esikhulume ngawo, nokungase kwenzeke ngenxa yobuningi bama-account, thola i-password management system ezokuphathela wonke ama-password akho, ikukhumbulele wona. Yinye nje i-password ozobe udinga ukuyikhumbula eye-password management system. Loku kuzokuvikela ekuwabhaleni phansi entweni thizeni lapho engatholakala khona kalula.

• Ama-privacy setting awahlale evuliwe

  Izinkundla zokuxhumana, iziphequluli nama-operating system asebenza ngawo amafoni nama-tablet ethu anezinhlelo ezakhelwe kuwona ezivikela ukuphepha kwethu. Kodwa-ke ukuze zikusebenzele ngendlela efanele kufanele wena uzivule ngoba zifika zivaliwe. Ziphephise ngokugcina ama-privacy setting akho evuliwe. Abazali kuhle ukuthi baqinisekise loku kuphepha nasebantwaneni nasentsheni enamaafoni nama-tablet.

• Qonda inqubomgomo yokuphepha kwakho

  Ngenhla sikhulume ngokusebenzisa ama-privacy setting ahlale evuliwe. Kodwa-ke nansi indaba, kubalulekile ukuthi noma zikhona lezi zinhlelo zokuvikela sazi ukuthi kunenqubomgomo eshicilelwe (esiye siyamukele singayifundanga) ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, iziphequluli nama-operating system ezenza ukusebenzisa kwethu lezi zinkundla nemininingwane yethu ingabi ngefihliwe njengokucabanga kwethu. Ngakho noma ama-privacy setting angathi izinto zakho ziyimfihlo kodwa makube semqondweni ukuthi ayikho into eyimfihlo kwi-internet.Ama-website amaningi aqoqa imininingwane ayisebenzisele ukudayisa noma ukukhangisa futhi asho kwinqubomgomoukuthi ayayiqoqa imininingwane aphinde ayidlulisele kwabanye. Ngale kwaloko, abezomthetho, abaphathi noma abaqondisi bawo lawo ma-website nezigilamkhuba bangaba nendlela yokufinyelela kule mininingwane ekuthiwa iyimfihlo.

• Qaphela ukuthi ufakani ezinkundleni zokuxhumana

  Njengoba sesazi nje ukuthi ayikho into eyimfihlo, kubalulekile ukuthi njengabasebenzisi be-internet sazi ukuthi yimininingwane enjani eyimfihlo kakhulu ukuthi ibekulezi zinkundla. Kufanele ukuthi thina sibe neqhaza lokuzigada noma ngabe sikusiphi isimo somuzwa, ukuthi singafaki imininingwane yezindaba zethu nezithombe ezingasidobela izigilamkhuba futhi siphazamise namathuba ezemfundo nemisebenzi.

• Vama ukwenza i-back-up ye-data)

  Uhlobo lwe-malware (i-software eyingozi), i-ransomware ingasetshenziswa yimigulukudu ukuvala i-computer yakho ungakwazi ukuyisebenzisa ukuthola amafayela akho abalulekile nezithombe zakho eziyimfihlo noma imininingwane yakho yentela. Ukugwema loku, isixwayiso sithi jwayela i-back-up yaleyo mininingwane, uyibeke kwenye indawo ngale kokuyigcina efonini noma kwi-tablet yakho. Kwenze loko nasezinganeni zakho, ufundise nabantwana bakho ukwenza njalo.

• Gada ukuthi wenza ama-download ani

  Kunezigidigidi zama-website akhona, amanye awo ayingozi aye enze imizamo yokutshala i-malware kwi-computer yakho. Kwesinye isikhathi loku akwenza engafunanga mvume yamuntu kodwa isikhathi esiningi aye afune ukuthi wena wenze okuthile okunjengokuciphiza u-download. Loku kusho ukuthi isikhathi esiningi i-virus ngeke izifikele nje kuwe, kodwa uwena ozobe uyimemile ngokuvakashela i-website enobungozi futhi wafike wenza i-download yokuthile okunobungozi. Ngakho gada ukuthi wenza i-download yani ukuze uphephe.

• Yiba-private kwi-WiFi evulekele kuwonkewonke

  I-WiFi kawonkewonke (enxanxatheleni yezitolo, ezitolo nakwezinye izindawo zomphakathi) awumnyango olula kwimigulukudu ekwazi ukufohla kwezobuchwepheshe ukuthi ithole i-data yakho. Ngenxa yaloku, kufanele ukuthi usebenzise i-VPN ukuxhuma kwi-WiFi kawonkewonke noma usebenzise eyasekhaya ukuze uphephe.

• Vala ama akhawunti angasebenzi

  Ama-account angasetshenziswa angaba yindawo yokuthola imininingwane eyimfihlo kwimigulukudu yezobuchwepheshe. Ngakho, uma wazi ukuthi ngeke usabuyela kuleyo account ne-website, kuhle ukuvele uyivale.

• Bazali: gadani okwenziwa abantwana benu online 

  Lena-ke iqondile, noma nje ingadala ukushayisana phakathi kwakho nabantwana kodwa kufanele ukwazi ukugada okwenziwa ngabantwana bakho online ukuze ukwazi ukuziphephisa wena nabo. Leya cybersecurity software esikhulume ngayo kwelinye lamaphuzu ngaphezulu iyasiza-ke uma sekufika la uma uthole enama-parental control. Ama-parental control enza wena njengomzali ukwazi ukulawula imidlalo izingane zakho eziyidlalayo, ukwazi ukulandela imikhondo yazo noma zikuphi, ukwazi ukwenza i-back-up ye-data uphinde ulawule nesikhathi sokusebenzisa ifoni noma i-computer.

• UNksz uSimelane uwungoti wezobuchwepheshe nomunye wabaqondisi eVuyoM

Facebook: eZamangwane Ziphelele