Asamukele ukuthi sibi isimo somnotho eNingizimu Afrika futhi sazi ukuthi imali ayimili ezihlahleni, kuloba uSolwazi uBonke Dumisa

NGOLWESITHATHU olwedlule iPhalamende lezwe lakithi iNingizimu Afrika lihlangane kwethulwa isabelomali seminyaka emithathu ezayo, lokho okubizwa ngeMedium Term Budget Policy Statement.

Lapha iminyango ehlukene kahulumeni iye ibikele uhulumeni, emNyangweni wezeziMali ukuthi ihlela ukusebenzisa imali engakanani ngonyaka eminyakeni emithathu ezayo. UmNyango wezeziMali uye ube usuhlanganisa ndawonye yonke le mibiko yeminyango ehlukene, ubheke ukuthi isimo sezimali sizobe sinjani eminyakeni eminingi ezayo. Kungemva kwawo wonke lo msebenzi lapho uhulumeni aye abe sesimweni esihle ukuthi enze uhlahlomali lweminyaka emithathu ezayo.

Selidume ladlula, akusekho ukungabaza ukuthi isimo simanzozo kwezomnotho nezezimali  lapha eNingizimu Afrika. Labo abebengabaza ukuthi isimo sezimali sinzima kanjani lapha ezweni lakithi, masithembe ukuthi sebekwamukele ukuthi imali ayimili ezihlahleni kwelakithi.

UNgqongqoshe wezeziMali uMhlonishwa uTito Mboweni kudingeke ukuthi achaze kabanzi ukuthi ngokwehla kwezomnotho, ngokujwayelekile lapho sabona iNingizimu Afrika ifakwa ngaphansi kwe“junk status” yiMoody’s International Credit Agency ngoba kuthiwa uhulumeni ungene uthe shi ezikweletini, ithi sekuseduze ukuthi izwe licwile ezikweletini, lingabe lisakwazi nokuzikhokha.

Ukuzuma kobhubhane iCOVID-19 ngoMashi 2020 kwenze isimo sabasibi ngokwedlulele, njengoba sabona kuvalwa izindawo eziningi ngaphansi kweNational Lockdown ngokomthetho iDisaster Management Act. Ibe mibi kakhulu imiphumela yalesi sifo kwezomnotho waseNingizimu Afrika.

Kuthiwa ukukhula komnotho kuzokwehla kakhulu ngo-7.8% kulo nyaka u-2020, ngoba uhulumeni kuye kwafanele ukuthi usebenzise imali engangoR500 billion ukubhekana nezinkinga ezidalwe yilolu bhubhane. Kubekwe nganxanye uR30 billion, kwanikwa iminyango yezempilo ukubhekana nezindleko ezingaphezulu ukuqikelela ukuphepha kwezisebenzi zezempilo, kubalwa nemali eningi esiyibone idliwa ngenkohlakalo yamaPPE.

UR50 billion ubekelwe ukweseka imindeni eminingi ehlwempu ukuthi inikwe izibonelelo ezithile ukuthi ibhekane nesimo esinzima ngenkathi imikhakha eminingi yezomnotho ivalelekile ngenxa yokuvalwa kwezwe.

Kukhona uR100 billion obekelwe ukusiza ukwakha amathuba anhlobonhlobo emisebenzi. Inkinga ngezabelomali ezinjena wukuthi lezi zimali zijwayele ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ukukhokhela abaqashelwe ukubheka labo okuthiwa bavulelwe lawo mathuba emisebenzi. Ngikhumbula ngelinye ilanga esinye isikhulu sikahulumeni sithi kuye kutholakale ukuthi ezinhlelweni ze-Expanded Public Works Programmes kuke kutholakale ukuthi uhulumeni usebenzisa imali ebalelwa ngaphezu kukaR100 000 ukuvula ithuba ngalinye likaR10 000  lomsebenzi.

Kukhona uR200 billion obuzosetshenziselwa uhlelo lokunika iziqiniseko zokuthi osomabhizinisi abancane nabasezinkingeni bazokwazi ukuzikhokha lezi zikweletu. Kuthiwa osomabhizinisi abaningi abancane abakwazanga ukusebenzisa leli thuba lokuboleka le mali enesiqiniseko sikahulumeni ngoba amabhange amaningi abemanqikanqika ukubolekisa ngemali ebantwini angabethembi ukuthi bazokwazi ukuyikhokha. 

KunoR20 billion obubekelwe ukusiza omasipala ukuthi bakwazi ukulwa nezindleko zokulwisana nesimo seCOVID-19.

Kuthi uR70 billion ububekelwe ukuthi usetshenziselwe ukubhekana nezinkinga ezidalwe yinkinga ebekhona yokuthi ukuqoqwa kwentela kube yinkinga ngenxa yokuthi iSouth African Revenue Service (iSARS) ihlulekile ukuqoqa imali ebizimisele ukuyiqoqa kulo nyaka ngenxa yeCOVID-19. Kumanje iSARS isidalule ukuthi imali yentela ezoyiqoqa izoba ngaphansi ngoR350 billion emalini ebizibekele yona ngo-2020.

Ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga eziningi zokwehla kwezomnotho, uhulumeni usenze isiphakamiso sokuthi iminyango kahulumeni iqale izilungiselele ukuthi sekuzolindelwa ukuthi ishintshe indlela eyaba ngayo imali, isebenzise uhlelo i-zero-based budgeting, okusho ukuthi iminyango kumele isho ukuthi leyo naleyo mali okuthiwa izosetshenziswa kudalulwe ukuthi yini isidingo sokuthi isetshenziswe, hhayi nje ukuthi kumele ngani ukuthi leso sabelo sengezwe njengoba kwenzeka manje.

Kumanje umNyango wezeziMali kazwelonke nomNyango wezamaBhizinisi kaHulumeni izoqala khona manje ukusebenzisa lolu hlelo i-zero-based budgeting.

UNgqongqoshe ushilo ukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuqagula ukuthi kuzosetshenziswa imali engakanani eminyakeni emithathu ezayo. Umnotho uzokhula ngo-3.3% ngonyaka ozayo u-2021, unyuke ngo-1.7% ngo-2022 kanti ngo-2023 uzonyuka ngo-1.5%.

Izikweletu zikahulumeni zimba eqolo. Kumanje izikweletu zethu njengezwe zibalelwa kuR4.5 trillion, okusho ukuthi izikweletu zikahulumeni kumanje zilinganiselwa ku-81.1 % wesabelo sezimali seminyaka emithathu ezayo. Kodwa lezi zikweletu zikahulumeni zizobe sezifike kuR5.5 trillion eminyakeni emine ezayo ngo-2023/24; loko okusho ukuthi eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo izikweletu zikahulumeni zizobe sezilingana no95% wesabelomali eminyakeni emihlanu elandelayo.

UNgqongqoshe ushilo ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezizokwenzwa wuhulumeni ukwakha amathuba emisebenzi ebalelwa ku-800 000; uhulumeni athe uzozama ukuwakha eminyakeni embalwa ezayo.

Uhulumeni uthi uzobheka kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ingqalasisinda ngoba yikhona okujwayele ukwandisa amathuba emisebenzi.

Uhulumeni uthi uzosebenzisa imali engangoR2.2 billion ukuthi kwakhiwe izindlu zemixhaso zalabo okuthiwa abakwazi ukuthola amaRDP. Uhulumeni uthi uzimisele ukwengeza imali engangoR6.7 billion, engabuye yandiswe ngoR20 billion eminyakeni ezayo.

Uhulumeni uthi uzosebenzisa uR96 billion ekwakhiweni kwezindawo zokuhlala abafundi ezikhungweni zemfundo eziphakeme; okungaba ngamakamelo ezitshudeni alinganiselwa ku-300 000.

Kuthiwa uR600 million uzosetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa imfundo yo“dado”, abantwana abancane, i-Early Childhood Development nokuthi kuqashwe osonhlalakahle abaningi.

Enye imali elinganiselwa kuR2 billion izosetshenziselwa ukwakha amathuba emisebenzi ukulwa nemililo, ezintweni zamanzi, nakwezamahlathi.

Okuthuse, kwaphinde kwacasula, abaningi kube yisimemezelo sokuthi uhulumeni uzofaka uR10.5 billion ukutakula iSouth African Airways ezikweletini.

Uhulumeni uthole ukuthi uzosebenzisa imali engaphezu kukaR700 billion kunemali onayo ukugcwalisa izindleko zalo nyaka. Umbuzo ukuthi izoqhamukaphi le mali?  Uhulumeni uzame ukuthola ukuthi unganciphisa kanjani izindleko zeminye iminyango ngenani elilinganiselwa kuR300 billion.

Ukuphetha, kumele samukele ukuthi isimo sezimali sibi. Ukuze sikwazi ukuqhubekela phambili ngamunye ngamunye wethu kuzofanele sifake igxalaba, sishaye isixaxambiji ukuthi sakhe leli zwe kabusha kwezomnotho. Siphelile isikhathi sezinto zamahhala. Imali ayimili ezihlahleni.

• USolwazi uDumisa uwumhlaziyi ozimele wezomnotho nommeli wasemaJajini eNkantolo eNkulu